Chapter 11 - Nutrition and Chronic Diseases

Question 1

True or False:
Chronic diseases can be risk factors for other chronic diseases.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

True or False:
Degenerative conditions are classified under chronic diseases.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

True or False:
Promoters are factors that initiate cancer development.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

True or False:
High iron intakes may increase cancer risks by acting as an oxidizer that damages DNA.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

True or False:
Obesity is a risk factor for certain cancers such as those of the colon, breast, endometrium, pancreas, and kidney.

Answer 5

True

Question 6

True or False:
The DASH diet emphasizes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and fat-free or low-fat milk and milk products.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Which of the following raises the HDL concentration in the body?

Answer 7

Physical activity

Question 8

A diet rich in _____, fish, fruits, and vegetables reduces blood cholesterol levels and the risk of heart disease.

Answer 8

unsaturated fat

Question 9

What happens when the body fails to take up excess glucose from the blood

Answer 9

The excess glucose binds to working proteins, rendering them nonfunctional.

Question 10

At what age should diabetes testing be started for all individuals?

Answer 10

45

Question 11

Which foods do studies consistently associate with an increased risk of colon cancer?

Answer 11

hot dogs

Question 12

Alcohol intake in smokers is strongly associated with cancers of the __________.

Answer 12

head and neck

Question 13

The best way to decrease the risk of cancer is to:

Answer 13

consume a sufficient amount of fruits and vegetables

Question 14

The main difference between infectious diseases and chronic diseases is that unlike chronic diseases, infectious diseases:

Answer 14

can be cured with medications

Question 15

A college student who is on a weight-loss diet that restricts fruits and vegetables contracts a viral infection. What may have made her more susceptible to the infection?

Answer 15

vitamin C deficiency

Question 16

A 58-year-old woman complains that she suddenly feels very dizzy, weak, and with pain in her arm. What would you advise her to do?

Answer 16

seek immediate medical attention because she may be having a heart attack

Question 17

An overweight 45-year-old man has several family members with heart disease. He is concerned about inheriting the disease. Which of the following risk factors can he alter to reduce his chances of developing heart disease?

Answer 17

weight

Question 18

What is the leading cause of kidney failure and blindness in the U.S.?

Answer 18

diabetes

Question 19

Candace’s doctor suggested she needs to make diet changes to control blood cholesterol levels. Which of the following should be included into diet changes that she makes?

Answer 19

consume less than 7% of calories from saturated fats

Question 20

Which is the best meal to reduce LDL levels in the blood?

Answer 20

Grilled salmon, wild rice, steamed broccoli, and whole-wheat roll

Question 21

Which of the following dietary changes will contribute to better health?

Answer 21

Eating carrot sticks and hummus instead of potato chips and sour cream dip

Question 22

Which of the following strategies will best help you control your risk of developing CVD?

Answer 22

substituting fish for red meat two times a week

Question 23

Which of the following is a valid recommendation for reducing cancer risk?

Answer 23

consuming a diet that is rich in whole foods

Question 24

A man with diabetes is trying to maintain normal blood glucose levels. What changes should he make in his lifestyle?

Answer 24

avoid refined sugars and starchy food products

Question 25

Your uncle is considering a treatment plan to control his hypertension after seeing an advertisement that claims hypertension to be a risk factor for stroke. In addition to the treatment plan, what would you advise him to do?

Answer 25

reduce intake of salt and salt-cured food products