Chapter 11 - Nutrients Involved in Bone Health

Question 1

Vitamin D is called the sunshine vitamin because

(a) it is available in orange juice.
(b) exposure to sunlight converts a precursor to vitamin D.
(c) it can be destroyed by exposure to sunlight.
(d) All of the above.

Answer 1

(b) exposure to sunlight converts a precursor to vitamin D.

Question 2

The most accurate measurement of bone mineral density is (a) central DEXA.

(b) FRAX.
(c) peripheral QCT.
(d) QUS.

Answer 2

(a) central DEXA.

Question 3

Which of the following is a lifestyle factor that increases bone mineral density?

(a) smoking
(b) physical activity
(c) large frame size
(d) use of SPF 50 sunscreen

Answer 3

(b) physical activity

Question 4

At the end of long bones, inside the spinal vertebrae, and inside the flat bones of the pelvis, is a spongy type of bone known as _____ bone.

(a) osteoclastic
(b) osteoblastic
(c) trabecular
(d) compact

Answer 4

(c) trabecular

Question 5

Individuals in which of the following groups are most likely to develop osteoporosis?

(a) premenopausal women athletes
(b) women taking estrogen replacement therapy
(c) slender, inactive women who smoke
(d) women who eat a lot of high-fat dairy

Answer 5

(c) slender, inactive women who smoke

Question 6

Vitamin D enhances absorption of

(a) calcium.
(b) phosphorus.
(c) both calcium and phosphorus.
(d) neither calcium and phosphorus.

Answer 6

(c) both calcium and phosphorus.

Question 7

Fatty fish is a source of

(a) vitamin C.
(b) vitamin D.
(c) vitamin K.
(d) magnesium.

Answer 7

(b) vitamin D.

Question 8

All of the following sources of drinking water are poor sources of fluoride, except

(a) commercial bottled water.
(b) city household reverse osmosis water purification system.
(c) city household refrigerator water filter system.
(d) well water from most regions in the United States.

Answer 8

(c) city household refrigerator water filter system.

Question 9

Synthesis of the collagen matrix of bone requires all of the following except

(a) silicon.
(b) boron.
(c) vitamin C.
(d) protein.

Answer 9

(b) boron.

Question 10

The most widely available dairy-free milk substitute in grocery stores is

(a) almond milk.
(b) oat milk.
(c) rice milk.
(d) soy milk.

Answer 10

(d) soy milk.