Chapter 11 Fossils

Question 1

Most fossils are…

Answer 1

Marine (ocean) organisms

Question 2

Petrified wood forms by a process called…

Answer 2

Replacement

Question 3

Which of the following substances commonly contains fossils?
1. Amber
2. Magma
3. Liquid Water
4. All of the above
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Answer 3

1. Amber

Question 4

What remarkable discovery came from the examination of a thigh bone of a Tyrannosaurus Rex fossil in 2005?

Answer 4

Soft Tissues

Question 5

What is the name for the study of fossils?

Answer 5

Paleontology

Question 6

Who developed the system used today to classify organisms?

Answer 6

Carolus Linnaeus

Question 7

Fossils that would show organisms in the process of revoking from one form to another are known as…

Answer 7

Transitional forms

Question 8

When the population of a species begins to shrink due to having more deaths than births in a generation, it is possibly headed toward…

Answer 8

Extinction

Question 9

Fossil fuels do not include…

Answer 9

Hydrothermal fluids

Question 10

Some forms of coal have been properly classified as…

Answer 10

Metamorphic rock

Question 11

Nearly half of the electrics power plants in the United States use this fuel.

Answer 11

Coal

Question 12

Which of the following is obtained by drilling?
1. Coal
2. Natural Gas
3. Neither 1 or 2
4. Both 1 and 2
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Answer 12

2. Natural Gas

Question 13

Which of the following shows the most likely order of development for these materials?
1. Bituminous coal to peat to lignite
2. Peat to Bituminous coal to lignite
3. Lignite to peat to Bituminous coal
4. Peat to lignite to bituminous coal
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Answer 13

4. Peat to lignite to bituminous coal

Question 14

True or false
It is possible for animals to become fossilized when exposed only to air?

Answer 14

True

Question 15

True or false
Lignite, Bituminous Coal, and Anthracite are forms of coal listed in order of increasing carbon content?

Answer 15

True

Question 16

Shells compacted into rock to form coquina?

Answer 16

Original materials

Question 17

A leaf film on the surface of a flat piece of slate?

Answer 17

Carbon Print

Question 18

Secular scientists believe that the fossils in the La Brea Tat Pits can tell us much about the… ? …that existed shortly after the Ice Age near present-day Los Angeles.

Answer 18

Climate

Question 19

A fossilized track or burrow made by an animal would be called a(n)?

Answer 19

Trace Fossil

Question 20

Today, the carcass of a dead animal will usually disappear in a matter of weeks or months due to…

Answer 20

Decay

Question 21

If Archaeopteryx were found alive today, it would most likely be classified as a(n)?

Answer 21

Bird

Question 22

Old-earth paleontologists must look for evidence of mass extinction and biological evolution in the fossil record because their… ? …requires it.

Answer 22

Worldview

Question 23

Natural gas is almost always found along with…

Answer 23

Crude Oil/Petroleum

Question 24

Oil reservoirs are often found under an arched section of impermeable rock strata called a(n)?

Answer 24

Oil Trap

Question 25

Carbon Dioxide, a product of the combustion of fossil fuels, can reap beauty in our atmosphere and as a result has been called a(n)… ? …gas.

Answer 25

Greenhouse

Question 26

Why are fossils not forming today when so many organisms continue to die?

Answer 26

To be fossilized, an organism must be quickly covered by sediment. Today, most dead organisms are consumed by scavengers or decay due to decomposers before they can be buried.

Question 27

What is the main problem with using index fossils to determine the age of a rock layer?

Answer 27

Scientists assign an age to the fossil in the basis of which layer it came from, then apply that same age to layers in other location where the same index fossil occurs.

Question 28

According to most secular scientists today, what cause the extinction of the dinosaurs?

Answer 28

Most secular scientist believe that large meteorite struck the earth, triggering lengthy climatic changes. The cooler temperature would have made food less available and may also have aided the rise of mammals.

Question 29

List at least 3 products that contain coal or some of its byproducts.

Answer 29

Paints, perfumes, rubber, & plastic items

Question 30

What is the major difference between the old-earth and young-earth views on how coal developed?

Answer 30

The major difference in view is the amount of time that it took. Young-earth geologists believe that coal could have formed rapidly; they have even created artificial coal under lab conditions in less than one day, far more quickly that the millions of years that the old-earth view requires.

Question 31

Define a fossil. Use an example to explain how one forms.

Answer 31

A fossil is any remains or trace of a formerly living thing preserved by natural processes. After an organism dies it must be buried rapidly to avoid decay or scavenging or both. Once buried, the organism goes through one of a variety of different processes to become a fossil. For example, an organism could be buried in ash from a volcano. After the ash hardens, the organism could decay, leaving behind a mold. If minerals filled in the mold,
A cast would be formed.

Question 32

All the following statements would be acceptable to a young-earth scientist EXCEPT which one?
1. Most fossils bearing sedimentary rocks came from the flood
2. Volcanic eruptions probably accompanied the flood and released ash
3. Birds were killed and buried later in the flood event than amphibians were
4. Fossils found in the same layer came from organisms from the same habitat
(Just for YOU Avery)

Answer 32

4. Fossils found in the same layer came from organisms from the same habitat

Question 33

Are you ready for the test?

Answer 33

Yes