Chapter 11 Desiging Solutions

Question 1

What is prototyping

Answer 1

Prototyping refers to the method of producing incomplete versions of a digital technology system.

Question 2

What are 3 advantages of prototyping

Answer 2

1. There is increase end user involvement therefore there is a less chance of misunderstanding between the developer and the end user also money can be saved because errors are detected early
2. The final digital system more likely to meet the end users needs because errors are detected earlier the end user user can see from early stages how the system will operate
3. End users are able to provide good feedback on prototype

Question 3

What are 3 disadvantages of prototyping

Answer 3

1. End users may confuse the prototype with the final system and will expect to see all elements shown to them in the prototype.
2. With end user involvement it can lead to a growth in features being added causing the development and project time to increase therefore increasing increasing development cost.
3. Its not suitable for systems which use batch processing as it can be too expensive to develop using prototyping.

Question 4

What are the two different types of prototyping.

Answer 4

Evolutionary prototyping.

Throwaway prototyping

Question 5

What is evolutionary prototyping

Answer 5

evolutionary prototyping is an incomplete version of the final system thats developed for the end user to give feedback, until an operational system meets all user requirements

Question 6

What is Throwaway prototyping

Answer 6

Throwaway prototyping is a prototype that wont be part of the final system it is a model of the system that is developed to help support discussion between the end user and the developers.

Question 7

What is the end users involvement in prototyping

Answer 7

The end user provides feedback after every change in the system and then the system will be updated according to the feedback.

The end users involvement gives them an increased sense of ownership over the final system.

Question 8

What is the target audience

Answer 8

the target audience is the demographic group who are the primary users of the application. It should be considered at the initial design stages

Question 9

What is the user interface

Answer 9

This is any part of the system that the user can interact with Eg: menus and buttons.

Question 10

what is a navigational structure diagram

Answer 10

It identifies the various pathways that the end user can move through in a multimedia application.

This helps the developer visualise the overall structure of the application

Question 11

What are the conventions used in a navigational structure diagram

Answer 11

1. The use of arrows or lines show the link between pages
2. Rectangular shapes are used to present page names.
3. External links are shown.

Question 12

What is a storyboard

Answer 12

its an illustration that shows content and layout of individual pages in a multimedia application

Question 13

who does the storyboards help

Answer 13

It helps the designers, developers and the end user visualise the end product.

Question 14

A good storyboard includes:

Answer 14

1. Background colours and images.
2. Headings and subtitles.
3. Image sources.

Question 15

what is an image source

Answer 15

It is details of any graphic elements that are incorporated into an application

Question 16

What does WYSIWYG stand for

Answer 16

What You See Is What You Get

Question 17

what is a scripted element

Answer 17

these are software applications that allow the end user to create an application using drag and drop tools in a WYSIWYG environment

Question 18

What are interactive elements

Answer 18

These are elements in a package which prompt interaction from the end user.

Question 19

What is a data dictionary

Answer 19

a data dictionary is a file that contains details relating to the structure of data held in a database

Question 20

What is an attribute

Answer 20

It is a heading given to each item of data stored in a single database entity

Question 21

what is a wireframe diagram

Answer 21

It is a diagram that allows the developer to consider the layout of elements

Question 22

What does ERD stand for

Answer 22

Entity-relationship diagram

Question 23

What is an ERD

Answer 23

it is an illustration that shows the links between entities,

Question 24

what are the relationship types in an ERD

Answer 24

1. ——— one-to-one
2. ——-> one-to-many
3. – many to many