Chapter 11: Cerebral Palsy

Question 1

hemiplegia

Answer 1

affecting one side of body

Question 2

quadriplegia

Answer 2

affects all four extremities

Question 3

diplegia

Answer 3

all extremities affected but more severely lower extremities

Question 4

monoplegia

Answer 4

only one limb involved (rare)

Question 5

triplegia

Answer 5

three limbs involved (rare)

Question 6

spastic cerebral palsy

Answer 6

individuals experience hypertonia (high muscle tone) so that muscles and joints are tight and stiff, limiting movement.

Question 7

Ataxic cerebral palsy

Answer 7

individuals have difficulty with balance and coordination

Question 8

Athetoid cerebral palsy

Answer 8

individuals exhibit uncoordinated, jerky, or twisting movements in affected body parts, particularly fingers and wrists

Question 9

Mixed type cerebral palsy

Answer 9

manifestations of two or more types

Question 10

Isotonic

Answer 10

muscle tone is normal

Question 11

Hypertonic

Answer 11

increased muscle tone

Question 12

Hypotonic

Answer 12

decreased muscle tone

Question 13

Mild cerebral palsy

Answer 13

only affect fine motor movement

Question 14

Moderate cerebral palsy

Answer 14

affect general muscle movement, fine motor movement, clarity or speech, so that daily activities may be affected; individual still able to function

Question 15

Severe cerebral palsy

Answer 15

manifestations severely affect person’s ability to walk, use the hands, or communicate; function is severely compromised

Question 16

Mental Retardation Facilities Construction Act of 1963

Answer 16

• Federal law that first acknowledged special needs of those with a developmental condition
• Provided federal support for centers and services for children and adults with mental retardation
• Later, coverage added for cerebral palsy, epilepsy, autism, and other neurological conditions

Question 17

Developmental Disabilities Act of 1975

Answer 17

“Developmental disabilities” came into use as general term to encompass variety of conditions that are lifelong occurring in childhood, affect intellectual or physical functioning, and require ongoing services and support

Question 18

Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act of 1990

Answer 18

• Emphasized functional capacity rather than categorizations
• Sought to reduce labeling and stigma
• Stressed empowerment of individuals

Question 19

Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act of 2000

Answer 19

Defines developmental disabilities as severe chronic disability of an individual that:

• Is attributable to mental or physical impairment or combination thereof
• Is manifested before the age of 22
• -Is likely to continue indefinitely
• Results in substantial functional limitations in 3 or more areas: self-care, receptive and expressive language, learning, mobility, self-direction, capacity for independent living, economic self-sufficiency
• Reflects individual’s need for combination and sequence of special, interdisciplinary, or generic services, individualized support, or other forms of assistance