Chapter 11 - Catabolism

Question 1

Kreb’s Cycle: bacteria, eukaryote, substrates, products

Answer 1

Bacteria: cytoplasm
Eukaryote: mitochondrial matrix
Substrate(s): acetyle CoA
Product(s): CO2, ATP/GTP, NADH/FADH2

Question 2

Embden Meyerhof Pathway: bacteria, eukaryote, substrates, products

Answer 2

Bacteria: cytoplasm
Eukaryote: cytoplasm
Substrate(s): glucose
Product(s): 2ATP, 2NADH, 2 pyruvate

Question 3

Pyruvate dehydrogenase: bacteria, eukaryote, substrates, products

Answer 3

Bacteria: cytoplasm
Eukaryote: mitochondrial matrix
Substrate(s): pyruvate
Product(s): CO2, NADH, acetyl CoA

Question 4

Electron Transport Chain (ETC): bacteria, eukaryote, substrates, products

Answer 4

Bacteria: cytoplasmic membrane
Eukaryote: inner mitochondrial membrane
Substrate(s): NADH/FADH2
Product(s): ATP, H2O

Question 5

T/F: Microorgs may be classified by the way they obtain three sources of ATP: energy, electrons and light.

Answer 5

FALSE: energy, electrons, carbon (organic matter)

Question 6

__________ use organic molecules as carbon sources while __________ use carbon dioxide as their sole source of carbon.

Answer 6

HETEROTROPHS use organic molecules as carbon sources while AUTOTROPHS use carbon dioxide as their sole source of carbon.

Question 7

__________ use light as a source of energy while __________ use chemical rxns (ex. redox rxns)

Answer 7

PHOTOTROPHS use light as a source of energy while CHEMOTROPHS use chemical rxns (ex. redox rxns)

Question 8

__________ use reduced inorganic substances as electron source while __________ use organic compounds.

Answer 8

LITHOTROPHS use reduced inorganic substances as electron source while ORGANOTROPHS use organic compounds.

Question 9

What uses organic compounds as carbon sources only?

Answer 9

Heterotrophs

Question 10

List 3 chemoorganotrophic fuelling processes.

Answer 10

1) Aerobic
2) Anaerobic
3) fermentation

Question 11

T/F: PMF is included in both respiration and fermentation.

Answer 11

FALSE: SLP is included in both processes but PMF is only in respiration

Question 12

__________-__________ __________ generates a little bit of ATP but __________ __________ __________ generates a lot of ATP.

Answer 12

SUBSTRATE-LVL PHOSPHORYLATION generates a little bit of ATP but PROTON MOTIVE FORCE generates a lot of ATP.

Question 13

T/F: Anaerobic respiration, final electron acceptor is exogenous (coming from outside of cell). Ferment., final e- acceptor = endogenous (coming from inside cell)

Answer 13

TRUE

Question 14

T/F: The most common pathway for glucose degredation to pyruvate in aerobic/anaerobic respiration and fermentation is the Entner-Doudoroff Pathway

Answer 14

FALSE: it is the Embden-Meyerhof Pathway

Question 15

List the two key characteristics of the Entner-Doudoroff Pathway

Answer 15

• used by soik bact, a few G-, NOT euk
• replaces first phase of Embden-Meyerhof to prod pyruvate + glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) instead of 2 G3P

Question 16

List the three key characteristics of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Answer 16

• can operate @ same time as Embden or Entner (aerobically or anaerobically)
• amphibolic path
• used by all orgs to provide reducing power (NADPH) + precursor metabolites

Question 17

“Decarboxylation”?

Answer 17

Removal of C as CO2

Question 18

_____ is ATP production coupled with __________ breakdown of molecules.

Answer 18

SLP is ATP production coupled with EXERGONIC breakdown of molecules.

Question 19

T/F: In Endner-Doudoroff, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate splits into two glyceraldehyde-3-phosphates

Answer 19

FALSE: this happens in Embden-Meyerhoff

Question 20

List breakdown of glucose to pyruvate (molecules + precursor metabolites)

Answer 20

Glucose –> Glucose-6-phosphate –> fructose-6-phosphate –> fructose-1,6-phosphate

1) –> glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate –> 1,3-bisphophoglycerate

Question 21

What are two important precursor metabolites in the Pentose Phosphate Pathway?

Answer 21

1. ribose-5-phoshate
2. erythrose-4-phosphate

Question 22

What metabolite from the Pentose P Path can enter the Embden?

Answer 22

Glyceraldehyde-3-P

Question 23

For each acetyl-CoA, TBA produces:

Answer 23

2 CO2
3 NADH
1 FADH2
1 GTP/ATP

Question 24

T/F: The first carrier in the ETC has the least negative E’º, then each carrier is slightly more negative.

Answer 24

FALSE: The first carrier in the ETC has the MOST negative E’º, then each carrier is slightly LESS negative (spontaneous)

Question 25

T/F: PMF works in conjunction with oxidative phosphorylation to prod. ATP

Answer 25

TRUE