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Anatomy And Physiologoy > Chapter 11/ Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Chapter 11/ Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

Location of the heart

A

Between the lungs
Inferior mediastinum

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2
Q

Two layers of Pericardium

A

Fibrous Pericardium and Serous Pericardium

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3
Q

Loose and superficial part of Pericardium

A

Fibrous Pericardium

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4
Q

Protects the heart and anchors the structure of the Diaphragm and Septum

A

Fibrous Pericardium

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5
Q

2 layered deep part of Fibrous Pericardium

A

Serous Pericardium

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6
Q

Parietal layer of Serous Pericardium. Outer layer that lines the inner surface of Fibrous

A

Parietal Pericardium

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7
Q

The Visceral layer of Serous Pericardium. Innermost layer of Pericardium and outermost layer of the heart wall.

A

Epicardium

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8
Q

Three layers of heart wall

A

Epicardium
Myocardium
Endocardium

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9
Q

Middle layer of the heart wall. Consists of Cardiac muscles

A

Myocardium

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10
Q

Intercalated Disc

A

Links the Myocardial cells together

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11
Q

Dense fibrous connective tissue

A

“Skeleton of the heart”

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12
Q

Inner later of the heart wall. A thin, glistening sheet of endothelium

A

Endocardium

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13
Q

The Chambers of the Heart

A

Atria : Left and right Atrium

Ventricle : Left and right Ventricles

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14
Q

Receiving chambers or receives blood

A

Atrium

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15
Q

Discharging chambers or pumps the blood out

A

Ventricles

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16
Q

Separates the two Atrium

A

Interatrial Septum

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17
Q

Separates the two Ventricles

A

Interventicular Septum

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18
Q

It is a type of blood circulation that blood flows from the left atrium through the body tissues and back to the right atrium

A

Systemic Circulation

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19
Q

It is a type of blood circulation that blood flows from the right ventricle through the lungs and back to the left atrium

A

Pulmonary Circulation

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20
Q

Allows the blood flow on one direction to PREVENT BACKFLOW

A

Valves

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21
Q

Four Types of Valves

A

Atrioventricular Valves
Triscupid Valves
Biscupid valves
Semilunar valves
Pulmonary semilunar valves
Aortic semilunar valve

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22
Q

It is a type of valve that is located between the atria and ventricles

A

Atrio venticular valves

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23
Q

A valve between left atria and left ventricles. Consists of two flaps or curps of endocardium

A

Bicuspid Valve also called as Mitral

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24
Q

A valve between the right atria and right ventricle. Consists of three flaps or curps

A

Tricuspid valve

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25
Q

It is attached to Capillary muscle that holds the valves in place.

A

Chordae Tendinae or “Heart strings”

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26
Q

A valve between artery and ventricle

A

Semilunar valve

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27
Q

A valve between the aorta and left ventricle

A

Aortic Semilunar valve

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28
Q

A valve between pulmonary artery and right ventricle

A

Pulmonary semilunar valve

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29
Q

The functional blood supply that oxygenates and nourishes the myocardium.

A

Coronary Arteries

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30
Q

Drains the myocardium of deoxygenated blood

A

Cardiac veins

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31
Q

A large vein on the posterior of the heart that receives blood from Coronary Veins

A

Coronary Sinus

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32
Q

Carries the blood away from the heart

A

Arteries:
Aorta
Pulmonary arteries

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33
Q

Carries the blood towards the heart

A

Veins:
Superior and inferior vena cava
Pulmonary veins

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34
Q

A vein that doesn’t carry deoxygenated blood

A

Pulmonary veins

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35
Q

An artery that doesn’t carry oxygenated blood

A

Pulmonary artey

36
Q

OPEN DURING HEART RELAXATION AND CLOSED DURING VENTICULAR CONTRACTION

A

AV Valves

37
Q

Closed during heart relaxation. Ut open during ventricular contraction

A

Semilunar Valve

38
Q

The heart has its own Nourishing Circulatory System consisting of

A

Coronary Artery
Cardiac Veins
Coronary Sinus

39
Q

Branch from aorta to supply the heart muscle with oxygenated blood

A

Coronary Artery

40
Q

Drain the myocardium of deoxygenated blood

A

Cardiac veins

41
Q

A large vein on the posterior of the heart, receives blood from cardiac veins

A

Coronary sinus

42
Q

Heart muscle cells contract, without nerve impulses, in a regular, continuous way

A

Intrinsic Conduction System (Nodal System)

43
Q

Releases electrical impulses causing the atrium to contract

A

Sinoatrial Node

44
Q

Receives electrical impulses, goes through the Atrioventricular Bundle, Bundle Branch

A

Antrioventricular node

45
Q

Spreads electrical impulses causing the ventricular to contract

A

Purkinje Fibers

46
Q

Bundle of his, it is located on the ventricular septum

A

Antrioventricular Bundle

47
Q

Spreads electrical impulses simultaneously to the fibers allowing the heart to beat as one

A

Interculated Disc

48
Q

Damaged AV node releases them from control of the SA node. Result is in a slower heart rate as ventricles contract at their own rate

A

Heart Block

49
Q

Lack of adequate oxygen supply to heart muscle

A

Ischemia

50
Q

A rapid, uncoordinated shuddering of the heart muscle

A

Fibrillation

51
Q

Rapid heart rate over 100 beats per minute

A

Tachycardia

52
Q

Slow heart rate less than 60 heart beats per minute

A

Bachycardia

53
Q

What is the normal heart rate?

A

60 to 100 beats per minute

54
Q

Contraction of the heart

A

Systole

55
Q

Relaxation of the heart

A

Diastole

56
Q

Events of one complete heart beat

A

Cardiac Cycle

57
Q

Contraction of atria that pushes the blood down to the ventricles

A

Mid-tolate Diastole

58
Q

Contraction of ventricle

A

Ventricular systole

59
Q

After ventricle contraction

A

Early Diastole

60
Q

Amount of blood pumped in one minute

A

Cardiac output

61
Q

Volume of blood pumped in one contraction

A

Stroke vlomue

62
Q

Arteries are consists of small arteries called

A

Arterioles

63
Q

Site of gas and nutrient exchange

A

Capillary beds

64
Q

Major and large artery is called ——— and it branches to arteries

A

Aorta

65
Q

Small veins

A

Venules

66
Q

Three layers or Tunics of a Blood Vessels

A

Tunic intima
Tunic media
Tunic externa

67
Q

Inner layer of blood vessel

A

Tunic intima

68
Q

Middle layer if blood vessel, mostly smooth muscle and it is controlled by sympathetic nervous system

A

Tunic media

69
Q

External layer of blood vessel, mostly fibrous connective tissue

A

Tunic externa

70
Q

Why is Tunic media thicker in arteries?

A

Because more pressure occurs in its wall

71
Q

Two types of vessels in Capillary beds

A

Vascular Shunt
True Capillaries

72
Q

Vessel directly connecting an arteriole to a venule

A

Vascular shunt

73
Q

A site where gas exchange happens. Oxygen and nutrients cross to cells and carbon dioxide as well as metabolic waste products cross into blood

A

True capillaries

74
Q

Four regions of Aorta

A

Ascending aorta
Aortic arch
Thoracic Aorta
Abdominal aorta

75
Q

An aorta that travels down through the thorax

A

Thoracic aorta

76
Q

An aorta that passes through the diaphragm into the abdominopelvic cabity

A

Abdominal Aorta

77
Q

An aorta that leaves the left ventricle

A

Ascending aorta

78
Q

An aorta that arches to the left

A

Aortic arch

79
Q

Carry the blood to the liver

A

Hepatic portal vein

80
Q

Carries the oxygenated blood to the liver

A

Hepatic artery

81
Q

Pressure wave of blood

A

Pulse

82
Q

Blood pressure is measured on the:

A

Arterial walls or large arteries

83
Q

Pressure at the peak of ventricular contraction

A

Systolic

84
Q

Pressure when ventricles relax

A

Diastolic

85
Q

Normal blood pressure

A

120/80

86
Q

Heart attack. No oxygen supply to the heart muscle, the heart stops working

A

Myocardial infraction

87
Q

Chest pain caused by not having enough oxygen supplied to the heart

A

Angina pectoris

Anatomy And Physiologoy (11 decks)

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