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(OCR A) A-level Chemistry > Chapter 11 - Basic Concepts of Organic Chemistry > Flashcards

Chapter 11 - Basic Concepts of Organic Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

What are aliphatic compounds?

A

Carbon atoms joined together in unbranched (straight) or branched chains

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2
Q

What are alicyclic compounds?

A

Carbon atoms joined together in ring (cyclic) structures

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3
Q

What are aromatic compounds?

A

Benzene

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4
Q

What is a homologous series?

A

Series of organic compounds having the same functional group but with each successive member differing by CH2

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5
Q

What is the general formula of alkanes?

A

Cn H2n+2

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6
Q

What is the general formula of alkenes?

A

Cn H2n

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7
Q

What is the general formula of alkynes?

A

Cn H2n-2

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8
Q

What is the general formula of alcohols?

A

Cn H2n+1 OH

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9
Q

What is the general formula of carboxylic acids?

A

Cn H2n O2

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10
Q

What is the general formula of ketones?

A

Cn H2n O

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11
Q

Molecules from the same homologous series will have the same _________ formula

A

Empirical

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12
Q

Define structural isomerism?

A

Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formula

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13
Q

What happens to the shared pair of electron in homolytic fission?

A

Each of the bonded atoms take ONE electron so it is shared equally

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14
Q

What is a radical?

A

Highly reactive species which contains a single unpaired electron

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15
Q

What happens to the shared pair of electron in heterolytic fission?

A

One of the bonded atoms takes BOTH electrons from the bond and becomes a negative ion

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16
Q

Where must curly arrow begin?

A
  • Bond
  • Lone pair of electrons
  • Negative charge
17
Q

What is an addition reaction?

A
  • Two reactants join together to form one product
  • Double bond often broken to form single bond
18
Q

What is a substution reaction?

A

Atom or group of atoms are replaced by different atom or group of atoms

19
Q

What is an elimination reaction?

A
  • Removal of a small molecule from a larger one
  • One reactant molecule forms two products
  • Normally single bond becomes double bond (not always!)

(OCR A) A-level Chemistry (21 decks)

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