Chapter 1.1 and 1.2

Question 1

Observation

Answer 1

Process of noticing and describing events or processes in a carefully, orderly way

Question 2

Inference

Answer 2

Logical interpretation based on prior knowledge and experience

Question 3

Hypothesis

Answer 3

Possible explanation for a set of observations or possible answer to a specific question

Question 4

Controlled experiment

Answer 4

Experiment in which only one variable is changed

Question 5

Independent variable

Answer 5

Factor in a controlled experiment that is deliberately changed; also called manipulated variable

Question 6

Dependent variable

Answer 6

Variable that is observed, and that changes in response to the independent variable; also called the responding variable

Question 7

Data

Answer 7

Evidence; information gathered from observations

Question 8

Control group

Answer 8

Group in an experiment that is exposed to the same conditions as the experimental group except for one independent variable

Question 9

Theory

Answer 9

Well-tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations and hypothesis, and enables scientist to make accurate predictions about new situations

Question 10

Bias

Answer 10

A particular preference or point of view that is personal, rather than scientific