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Biology > Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Flashcards

Bioenergetics

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Biological energy transformations obey the laws of _______

A

THERMODYNAMICS

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2
Q

The presence of ______ made the EVOLUTION of respiration possible .

A

Free oxygen

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3
Q

________ is a kind of chemical link between catabolism and anabolism.

A

ATP

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4
Q

Respiration and ________ are the processes whereby energy stored in carbohydrates is released.

A

Glycolysis

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5
Q

Light reactions take place on the:

A

Grana

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6
Q

Dark reactions take place in the - - - - -

A

Stroma

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7
Q

_______ lack chloroplasts but have unstacked photosynthetic membranes that work like thylakoids

A

Photosynthetic prokaryotes

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8
Q

_________ and _________ are products of light reactions used in stroma.

A

Atp and NADPH

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9
Q

NO NET gas exchange between leaves and environment is called ________

A

Compensation point

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10
Q

Photosynthesis is a _______________ process

A

Redox

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11
Q

Oxygen released during photosynthesis comes from…….

A

Water

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12
Q

In 1930s, ______________ hypothesised that plants split water as a source of hydrogen

A

Van Niel

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13
Q

Chloroplasts are present in very large numbers __________________ of leaf surface

A

Half a million per mm2

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14
Q

Chloroplasts are present mainly in

A

Mesophyll cells

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15
Q

Each mesophyll has ______ chloroplasts

A

20 to 100

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16
Q

_________ contains most of the enzymes involved in photosynthesis

A

Stroma

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17
Q

________________ of photosynthetic ETC are part of thylakoid.

A

Electron acceptors

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18
Q

Photosynthesis is ______ process.

HINT: ENERGY…?

A

Energy capturing

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19
Q

Respiration is……….. Process

Energy?

A

Energy releasing…. Along with glycolysis

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20
Q

Instrument used to measure the relative abilities of diff pigments to absorb diff wavelengths

A

SPECTROPHOTOMETER

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21
Q

Wavelengths absorbed by pigments.. Range

A

380 to 750 nm

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22
Q

Wavelengths absorbed…..

A

Disappear

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23
Q

Accessory photosynthetic pigments?

A

Carotenoids

Chlorophyll b

24
Q

Types of carotenoids ?

A
  1. Xanthophyll

2. Carotenes

25
Q

Colour of carotenes

A

Red to orange

26
Q

Colour of xanthophylls

A

Yellow to orange

27
Q

Function of accessory pigments

A

Broaden absorption and utilisation of light energy

28
Q

What are the chlorophyll in photosynthetic bacteria called?

A

Bacteriochlorophylls

29
Q

Where are chlorophyll a, b, c and d found?

A
  1. Green algae

2. Photosynthetic eukaryotes

30
Q

Chlorophyll absorb mainly…… And…. Colours

A

Violet blue and orange red

31
Q

______, _________ & _________ are the colours least absorbed by chlorophylls

A

Green… Yellow and indigo

That’s why they appear green as it is transmitted not absorbed…. Green masks yellow

32
Q

Haem group of Hb is also a poryphrin ring containing _______in place of ______

A

Iron in place of Magnesium

33
Q

Phytol formula

A

C 20 H 39

34
Q

_______is the functional group in chlorophyll a

A

Methyl

CH3

35
Q

________________is the functional group in chlorophyll B

A

CHO

Carbonyl group

36
Q

Function of hydrophobic tail of chlorophyll

A

Anchor it to the thylakoid membrane

37
Q

Function of hydrophilic head of chlorophyll

A

Absorb light

38
Q

Structure of hydrophobic tail of chlorophyll

A

Phytol chain C20 H 39

It is attached to one of the pyrol rings

39
Q

Structure of hydrophilic head of chlorophyll

A

One Mg in canter bonded to N of 4 pyrol rings that have carbon and nitrogen atoms

40
Q

C 55 H 72 O5 N4 Mg.

Formula of???

A

Chlorophyll a

41
Q

C 55 H70 O6 N4 Mg

Formula of?

A

Chlorophyll b

42
Q

Colour of chlorophyll a

A

Blue green

43
Q

Colour of chlorophyll b

A

Yellow green

44
Q

__________is the most abundant photosynthetic pigment

A

Chlorophyll a

45
Q

Chlorophyll a is found in all photosynthetic organisms except _________

A

Photosynthetic bacteria

46
Q

__________protect chlorophyll from intense light

A

Carotenoids

47
Q

Route of energy transfer in pigments

A

Carotenoids to chlorophyll B to chlorophyll a

48
Q

First action spectrum obtained on

A

Spirogyra

49
Q

First action spectrum obtained by

A

TW Engelman

50
Q

_________ Percent of total photosynthesis is carried by Terrestrial plants

A

10%

51
Q

Stomata cover ______ Percent of leaf surface

A

1 to 2

52
Q

________ & _________ wavelengths cause maximum photosynthesis

A

Blue and orange red

53
Q

When equal light intensities are given there’s is more photosynthesis in _________ than in blue part of spectrum

A

Red

54
Q

Reducing power produced in light stage is

A

NADPH….. NADP + H+

55
Q

Assimilating power is produced in form of……. during light stage

A

ATP

56
Q

Transfer of energy in photosynthesis occurs through

A

RESONANCE

57
Q

Only _______ Percent of the light falling on leaves is absorbed

A

1

Biology (3 decks)

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