Chapter 11 Flashcards
Discuss non government organisation aid
Aid provided by non government organisations such as Red Cross, world vision and care Australia
Priorities:
Achieving universal health coverage – 1 billion more people benefiting from universal health coverage
Addressing health emergencies – 1 billion more people protected from health emergencies
Promoting healthier populations – 1 billion more people enjoying better health and well-being.
The work of the WHO
Provide leadership and create partnerships to promote health and well-being
Conduct research and provide health and well-being information
Set norms and standards and promote and monitor their implementation
Develop policies to assist countries to take action to promote health and well-being
Examples of WHO work and how it addresses the priorities
Universal health coverage – 1 billion more people benefiting from universal health coverage
The WHO aims to progress toward UHC by:
Providing funding models for public health systems, including maternal and ageing health services
Helping identify barriers to accessing health services and provide solutions to increase access
Assisting with the development of health promotion services
Examples of WHO work and how it addresses the priorities
Health emergencies – 1 billion more people better protected from health emergencies
The WHO aims to ensure that 1 billion people are better protected from health emergencies by:
Assisting with developing policies and regulations to prevent and manage disease outbreaks
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Helping countries to strengthen early warning systems in preparation for times of disaster
Helping countries to coordinate relief efforts in times of disaster
Examples of WHO work and how it addresses the priorities
Healthier populations – 1 billion more people enjoying better health and well-being
The WHO will contribute to people enjoying better health and well-being by:
Monitoring progress made towards achieving the SDGs
Ensuring countries are taking action against preventable non-communicable diseases and communicable diseases
Supporting countries in addressing the health effects of climate change
Examples of WHO work and how it addresses the priorities :
Health emergencies – 1 billion more people better protected from health emergencies
The WHO aims to ensure that 1 billion people are better protected from health emergencies by:
Assisting with developing policies and regulations to prevent and manage disease outbreaks
Helping countries to strengthen early warning systems in preparation for times of disaster
Helping countries to coordinate relief efforts in times of disaster
Examples of WHO work and how it addresses the priorities :
Healthier populations – 1 billion more people enjoying better health and well-being
The WHO will contribute to people enjoying better health and well-being by:
Conducting research to improve the ways in which diseases can be prevented, diagnosed, managed and treated
Collecting data to monitor the impacts of disease and evaluate the effectiveness of programs and initiatives
Monitoring progress made towards achieving the SDGs
The purpose and characteristics of emergency aid
Emergency aid - rapid assistance given to people or countries in immediate distress to relieve suffering, during and after events such as natural disasters (flood, tsunami, earthquake) and human made emergencies (wars)
Purpose:
Meet immediate needs
Save lives, reduce suffering
Reduce further impacts
Characteristics:
Rapid assistance
Short term
Provision of basic supplies - food, water, shelter, medical attention
The purpose and characteristics of bilateral aid
Bilateral aid - aid given by one country directly to another
Purpose:
Meet the needs of the country and its people
Builds relationships between the two countries - possibly for strategic or political reasons)
Promotes health and well-being, sustainable economic growth and prosperity
Characteristics:
- Long term assistance
- Provide direct aid focused on development
Provision of
Infrastructure such as roads, electricity, improving water supplies
Education - building schools, training teachers
Civil society - providing governance and support
The purpose and characteristics of multilateral
Multilateral aid - aid is provided through an international organisation (WHO, United Nations, World Bank). A number of countries donate to the organisation, which then uses the funds to provide the necessary aid.
Purpose:
Large scale programs focused on global health and well-being and sustainable development
Can reach and impact the lives of many people
Aid provided to those most in need
Characteristics:
- Provided by an international organisation such as the WHO, United Nations
- Funded by donations from a number of countries
Aid includes
- Medical programs such as large scale vaccination to tackle diseases such as polio
- Provision of food where it is most needed - eg United Nations World Food Program
Emergency aid Promotion of health and well-being and human development
Emergency aid does not give long-term assistance, but :
- it assist in reducing the spread of communicable diseases therefore improve physical health
- providing assistance can reduce the stress of people affected therefore impacting mental health
- providing assistance can reduce the stress of people affected therefore impacting mental health this then enhances human development as individuals are able to reach their full potential
Multilateral aid Promotion of health and well-being and human development
Promotion of health and human development :
- Education programs increase knowledge which therefore can improve physical, social and mental health.
=> With these improvements, life expectancy increases.
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Good physical health assists people in earning a living, reduces poverty and can result in more children attending school.
=> This promotes sustainable human development - as people can lead more productive lives and reach their full potential.
Australia contributes to:
- Emergency aid
- Bilateral aid programs
- Funding international multilateral organisations
- Private sector
- Funding non-government organisations and supporting their programs
Partnerships - examples how each partnership delivers aid
- Bilateral - Australia’s partnership with PNG
- Multilateral - Australia’s funding to UN which then funds UNICEF
- Private sector - DFAT partners with a range of companies within the private sector eg Westpac Corporate Partnership, provides access to finance, particularly for women - improving access to loans for small and medium enterprises owned by women.
- NGOs - Australia donates to World Vision - World Vision also money from the Australian government’s aid program that is allocated towards community development programs and emergency relief
- Whole of Australian government - DFAT works with other Government departments - the Australian Federal Police, which works to develop and monitor peace, stability and security in a range of countries in the region.
