Chapter 11 Flashcards

1
Q

•Gender Stereotypes:
-traits

Female:

  • e__
  • g__
  • k__
  • o__ focused
  • “c__” traits

Male:

  • a__
  • q__ d__
  • i__
  • s__-c__
  • “a__” traits
A
emotional
gentle
kind
other
communal 
active
quick decisions
independent
self-confident
agentic
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2
Q

•Gender Stereotypes:
-roles

Female:

  • c__ the m__
  • h__
  • e__ support

Male:

  • f__ obligations
  • h__ of the household
  • l__
A

cook, meals
housework
emotional

financial
head
leader

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3
Q

•Gender Stereotypes:
-physical characteristics

Female:

  • c__
  • d__
  • p__
  • g__

Male:

  • a__
  • m__
  • p__ s__
  • t__
A
  • cute
  • dainty
  • pretty
  • graceful
  • athletic
  • muscular
  • physically strong
  • tall
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4
Q

•Gender Stereotypes:

External Validity:
-similar results founds with c__-age sample, general __ population, from __ countries.

Results mostly based on m__-class w__ respondents.

A

college, US, 30

middle, white

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5
Q

•Gender Stereotypes:

Intersectionality:
-results depend on r__ and s__ of person being described.

A

race, SES

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6
Q

Perceived a__ of women has increased over time.

A

agency

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7
Q

Gender Stereotypes: Height

  • height biases j__ and d__.
  • shorter men rated less m__, m__, and c__.
  • higher status –>perceived to be t__.
  • 1 in. difference in height=$__ in starting salary
A

judgments, decisions
mature, masculine, confident

taller

600

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8
Q

Gender Stereotypes Origins:

  • Social role theory: e__ people to have r__/j__ that fit s__.
  • Media influence: films, magazines, tv, and ads p__ and r__ stereotypes.
A

expect, roles/jobs, stereotypes

present, reinforce

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9
Q

Gender Prejudice:
-expressions of gender prejudice

a) hostile sexism: n__ beliefs about women (they’re m__, they “demand s__ p__.”)
- especially for women in “n__” roles.

b) benevolent sexism: p__ beliefs about women
- “n__,” “morally p__,” “deserve a__.”
- especially for women in “t__” roles

What’s so bad about that?

  • takes away women’s a__
  • men s__ women from s__ of h__ status jobs
  • good intentions; “c__”
  • perpetuates d__
  • excluding women from p__ positions
  • greater benevolent sexism=greater gender i__
A

negative, manipulative, special privileges, nontraditional

positive, nurturing, pure, adoration, traditional

agency
shield, stresses, high
chivalry
discrimination
prestigious 
inequality
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10
Q

Gender Discrimination:

Gender-based discrimination:

  • “prove-it-again”
  • stereotype f__: f__ stereotypes can mismatch j_-r__ characteristics
  • women have to provide more e__ to be seen as equally c__.
  • “the maternal wall”
  • stereotype that women lose work c__ and c__ after having kids
  • persists even when women remain truly c__.

-“the maternal wall” Study:
IV1: Gender of applicant
IV2: Parental status of applicant
DV’s: perceived commitment and salary recommendation.
-female mothers less c__ and less p__, o__ for male fathers.

A

fit, feminine, job-related
evidence, competent

commitment, competence
committed

competent, pay, opposite

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11
Q

Sexual Prejudice: n__ attitudes based on s__ o__.

Sexual Prejudice is correlated with:

  • t__ beliefs of g__ roles
  • t__ values of f__ structure

Family values and anti-gay prejudice study:
-read a newspaper story about a boy and his father

IV1: Father is homosexual vs. heterosexual
-dating someone named “alexander” or “alexandra”
-IV2: Prime family values vs. control
-DV: Ratings of the father
Main Point: simply priming f__ v__ can produce s__ p__.

A

negative, sexual orientation

traditional, gender
traditional, family

family values, sexual prejudice

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12
Q

Sexual Prejudice-Influence of Perceiver’s Gender:

-Heterosexual __ tend to show more sexual prejudice than heterosexual __.

  • Males socialized to strive for m__ and avoid f__.
  • P__ for failure to c__.
  • Female roles allowed greater f__.
A

men, women

masculinity, femininity
punished, conform
flexibility

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13
Q

Sexual Prejudice-Influence of Perceiver’s Gender:

Masculine Insecurity and Sexual Prejudice Study:

-Do a task with partner; punish incorrect response.

IV1: told that partner is homosexual or heterosexual
IV2: masculinity test feedback
-told that their score is “below average” or “average”
DV: Punishment intensity

Main Point: threats to m__ increased a__-g__ discrimination.

A

masculinity, anti-gay

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