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Science 3rd Gradingg > Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Meaning of Pacific Ring of Fire

A

An area characterised by frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions

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2
Q

What is the region beneath the earth’s crust that is about 2890 km thick

A

Mantle

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3
Q

The heavier tectonic plate sinks to the mantle and the lighter plate rises above it

A

Subduction

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4
Q

Semi molten rock which tries to escape upward through spaces between plates toward cooler areas on the crust

A

Magma

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5
Q

Opening at the top of a volcano

A

Crater

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6
Q

What is called when magma reaches the crust

A

Lava

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7
Q

Basic parts of a volcano

A
  • fissure
  • conduit
  • vent
  • crater
  • flank
  • magma chamber or reservoir
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8
Q

Underground compartment where the magma is stored

A

Magma chamber or reservoir

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9
Q

Passageway through which magma travels to reach earth’s surface

A

Conduit

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10
Q

Side of a volcano

A

Flank

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11
Q

Elongated fracture or crack on the earths crust from which lava erupts

A

Fissure

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12
Q

Bowl shaped depression at the top of the volcano where the vent is located

A

Crater

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13
Q

Opening where volcanic materials are released

A

Vent

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14
Q

Three types of volcano

A

Stratovolcano, shield volcano and cinder cone volcano

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15
Q

Another word for stratovolcano

A

Composite cone volcano

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16
Q

Forms a larger crater and depression when the volcano explodes

A

Caldera

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17
Q

Formed by highly vicious or thick slow moving lava

A

Stratovolcano

18
Q

Parts of a stratovolcano

A 
Ash
Ash flow
Lava flow
Sill
Dyke
Lava
Flank eruption 
Vent
19
Q

Vertical crack with solidified or cooled magma

A

Dyke

20
Q

Pulverised rocks, minerals, volcanic glass

A

Ash

21
Q

Stream of molten rocks that ooze from an erupting vent

A

Lava flow

22
Q

Horizontal crack with solidified or cooled magma

A

Sill

23
Q

Avalanche of hot volcanic ash

A

Ash flow

24
Q

Parts of a shield volcano

A 
Magma chamber 
Lava flow
Flank eruption 
Summit caldera
Central vent
25
Q

Formed by loose and fluid lava that flows over each other

A

Shield volcano

26
Q

Conduit for the magma to travel from the magma chamber to the crater

A

Central vent

27
Q

Cavity at the summit of the volcano

A

Summit caldera

28
Q

Parts of a cinder cone volcano

A 
Ash
Summit crater
Cinder beds
Vent
Magma chamber
29
Q

Pockets where new ash fall will collect

A

Cinder bed

30
Q

Bowl shaped opening at the summit of the cone

A

Summit crater

31
Q

Another term for cinder cone volcano

A

Scoria cone

32
Q

Is formed by fluid lava that is ejected because of high pressure that builds up in the magma chamber

A

Cinder cone or scoria cone

33
Q

Are mounds of lava formed after a volcanic eruption

A

Lava dome

34
Q

These are volcanoes on the ocean floor and are formed through collision of oceanic plates

A

Submarine volcanoes

35
Q

Is a depression formed at the summit of shield volcanoes

A

Caldera complex

36
Q

These are volcanoes that are overlain by glaciers

A

Glacial volcanoes

37
Q

The cloud of ash that comes out of the crater

A

Ash plume

38
Q

Fluid lava and fire ejected

A

Hawaiian eruption

39
Q

A thick vicious magma flows around the vent as solid lava and dust are ejected

A

Vulcanian

40
Q

Most violent and explosive type of eruption

A

Plinian

41
Q

Featuring continuous ejection of magma and gas

A

Strombolian

Science 3rd Gradingg (3 decks)

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