Chapter 11 Flashcards

1
Q

Political Party

A

An organized group that may include office holders, candidates, activists, and voters who pursue their common interests by gaining and exercising power through the electoral process

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2
Q

Thomas Jefferson

A

Principal drafter of the Declaration of Independence; second vice president of the United States; third president of the United States from 1801 to 1809. Co-founder of the Democratic-Republican Party

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3
Q

Political Machine

A

A party organization that recruits voter loyalty with tangible incentives and is characterized by a high degree of control over member activity

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4
Q

Candidate-Centered Politics

A

Politics that focus on the candidates, their particular issues, and character rather than party affiliation

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5
Q

Party Realignment

A

Dramatic shifts in partisan preferences that drastically alter the political landscape

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6
Q

Critical Election

A

An election that signals a party realignment through voter polarization around new issues and personalities

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7
Q

Secular Realignment

A

The gradual rearrangement of party coalitions, based more on demographic shifts that on shocks to the political system

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8
Q

National Convention

A

A party meeting held in in the presidential election year for the purposes of nominating a presidential and vice presidential ticket and adopting a platform

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9
Q

Delegate

A

Role played by representative who votes the way his or her constituents would want, regardless of personal opinions; may refer to an elected representative to Congress or a representative to the party convention

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10
Q

Superdelegate

A

Delegate to the Democratic Party’s national convention that is reserved for a party official and whose vote at the convention is unpledged to a candidate

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11
Q

Donald J. Trump

A

The forty-fifth president, a Republican, elected in 2016; first president elected without prior political or military experience; an experienced businessman

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12
Q

national party platform

A

A statement of the general and specific philosophy and policy goals of a political party, usually promulgated at the national convention

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13
Q

Barack Obama

A

he first African American president of the United States, a democrat, who served as forty-fourth president from 2009-2017. Senator from Illinois from 2005 to 2008; member of the Illinois senate from 1997 to 2004

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14
Q

party identification

A

A citizen’s attachment to a political party based on issues, ideology, past experience, or upbringing, which tends to be a reliable indicator of likely voting choices

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15
Q

Hillary Clinton

A

First female major party candidate for president of the United States, a Democrat, who ran against President Donald J. Trump in 2016. Secretary of State from 2009 to 2013; New York senator from 2001 to 2009; former first lady

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16
Q

proportional representation

A

A voting system that apportions legislative seats according to the percentage of the vote won by a particular political party

17
Q

winner-take-all system

A

An electoral system in which the party that receives at least one more vote than any other party wins the elections

18
Q

partisan polarization

A

The presence of increasingly conflicting and divided viewpoints between the Democratic and Republican Parties