Chapter 11 Flashcards
Barack Obama
Barack Hussein Obama II is an American politician who served as the 44th President of the United States from January 20, 2009, to January 20, 2017.
candidate-centered politics
politics that focuses on candidates, their particular issues, and character rather than party affiliation.
critical elections
an election that signals party realignment through voter polarization around new issues and personalities.
delegate
a person sent or authorized to represent others, in particular an elected representative sent to a conference.
Donald J. Trump
Donald John Trump is the 45th and current President of the United States.
Hillary R. Clinton
Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton is an American politician and diplomat who served as the First Lady of the United States from 1993 to 2001, U.S. Senator from New York from 2001 to 2009, 67th United States Secretary of State from 2009 to 2013, and as the Democratic Party’s nominee for President of the United States in the 2016 election.
national convention
a convention of a major political party, especially one that nominates a candidate for the presidency.
national party platform
or program is a formal set of principal goals which are supported by a political party or individual candidate, in order to appeal to the general public, for the ultimate purpose of garnering the general public’s support and votes about complicated topics or issues.
party identification
refers to the political party with which an individual identifies.
partisan polarization
refers to the cases in which an individual’s stance on a given issue, policy, or person is more likely to be strictly defined by their identification with a particular political party (e.g., Democrat or Republican) or ideology (e.g., liberal or conservative).
party realignment
when the balance of power between a country’s political parties changes greatly.
political machine
a political group in which an authoritative boss or small group commands the support of a corps of supporters and businesses, who receive rewards for their efforts.
political party
as an organised group of people with at least roughly similar political aims and opinions, that seeks to influence public policy by getting its candidates elected to public office.
proportional representation
an electoral system in which parties gain seats in proportion to the number of votes cast for them.
secular realignment
the gradual rearrangement of party coalitions, based more on demographic shifts than on shocks to the political system.
superdelegate
an unelected delegate who is free to support any candidate for the presidential nomination at the party’s national convention.
Thomas Jefferson
was an American Founding Father who was the principal author of the Declaration of Independence and later served as the third President of the United States from 1801 to 1809.
winner-take-all system
an election system in which the candidate with the most votes wins.
