chapter 11

Question 1

physicians desk reference, comes out once a year with new updated material. Contains information on most major prescription pharmaceuticals available in the united states.

Answer 1

PDR

Question 2

subcutaneous

Answer 2

under the skin, over the muscle. fat

45 degree angle

Question 3

food and drug administration (FDA)

Answer 3

their job is to regulate and approve. must ensure products are safe before they are released to the public.

Question 4

chemical name

Answer 4

provides a precise description of the drugs chemical composition;

Question 5

generic/ trade name

Answer 5

is assigned by the pharmaceutical manufacturer that develops the drug, before it receives fficial approval of the FDA

Question 6

official name

Answer 6

is the name in which the drug is listed in official publications.

Question 7

drugs that have the potential for abuse

Answer 7

controlled substances

Question 8

elixir

Answer 8

a drug that is dissolved in a solution of alcohol and water.

example: dimetapp elixir

Question 9

emulsions

Answer 9

a mixture of fats or oils in water.

example: Durezol opthalmic emulsion.

Question 10

liniment

Answer 10

a drug combined with oil soap alcohol or water. applie externally, using friction to produce a feeling of warmth or heat.
example: heet liniment

Question 11

lotion

Answer 11

an aqueous solution that contains suspended ingredients.
used to treat external skin conditions
example: caladryl lotion

Question 12

solution

Answer 12

a liquid preparation that contains one or more completely dissolved substances. the dissolved substance is known as the SOLUTE and the liquid in which it is dissolved is the SOLVENT. most drugs administered parentaly (by injection) are solutions.
example: Depo-provera injectable solution

Question 13

spirit

Answer 13

a drug combined with an alcoholic solution that is volatile (a substance that is volatile evaporates readily)
example: aromatic spirit of ammonia

Question 14

spray

Answer 14

a fine stream of medicated vapor usually used to treat nose and throat conditions.
example: dristal nasal spray

Question 15

suspension

Answer 15

drug that contains solid insoluble drug particles in a liquid. preparation must be shaken before administration.
example: amoxicillin oral suspension.

Question 16

suspension aerosol

Answer 16

a pressurized form in which solid aerosol or liquid drug particles are suspended in a gas to be dispensed in a cloud or mist.
example: proventil inhalation aerosol.

Question 17

syrup

Answer 17

drug dissolved in a solution of sugar water and sometimes a flavoring to disguise an unpleasant taste.
example: robutussin cough syrup

Question 18

tincture

Answer 18

a drug dissolved in a solution f alcohol or alcohol and water.
example: tincture of water

Question 19

tablet

Answer 19

a powdered drug that has been pressed into a disc

example: tylenol tablets

Question 20

chewable tablet

Answer 20

powdered drug that has been flavored and pressed into a disk.
example: pepto bismol chewable tablets

Question 21

sublingual tablet

Answer 21

powdered drug that has been pressed into a disk and dissolved under the tongue. permits rapid absorption into the bloodstream.
example: nitroglycerin sublingual tablets ( nitrostat)

Question 22

enteric coated tablet

Answer 22

tablet coated with a substance that prevents it from dissolving too quickly until it reaches the intestines.
example: ecotrin

Question 23

capsule

Answer 23

drug contained in a gelatin capsule that is water soluble and functions to prevent the patient from tasting the drug.
example: benadryl capsules

Question 24

sustained release capsules

Answer 24

capsule that contains granules that dissolve a different rates to provide a gradual and continuous release of medication.
example: sudafed 12 hour sustained release capsules

Question 25

caplet

Answer 25

drug contained in an oblong tablet with a smooth coating to make swallowing easier.
example: advil caplets

Question 26

lozenge

Answer 26

drug contained in a candy like base. circular and designed to dissolved on the tongue.
example: chloraseptic throat lozenges

Question 27

cream

Answer 27

drug combined in a base that is usually non greasy, resulting in a semisolid preparation.
example: hydrocortisone topical cream

Question 28

ointment

Answer 28

drug with an oil base resulting in a semisolid preparation.

Question 29

suppository

Answer 29

drug mixed with a firm base such as cocoa butter that is designed to melt at body temp.

Question 30

transdermal patch

Answer 30

patch with an adhesive backing which contains a drug that is app;ied to the skin
example: nitroglycerin patches

Question 31

schedule i

Answer 31

high potential for abuse. currently no accepted medical use in the usa. use may lead to physical or psychological
dependence.

Question 32

schedule ii

Answer 32

high potential for abuse. prescription must be in writing in indelible ink or typed

Question 33

schedule iii

Answer 33

less potential for abuse than drugs in schedule i and ii

telephone and fax orders permitted

Question 34

schedule iv

Answer 34

lower potential for abuse than drugs in schedule iii