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Molecular Genetics > Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Flashcards

1
Q

Role of TFIIF in transcription

A
  1. Stabilizes RNA polymerase interaction with TBP and TFIIB
  2. Helps attract TFIIE and TFIIH
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2
Q

Role of TFIIH in transcription

A
  1. Helicase function that unwinds DNA at transcription start point
  2. Phosphoryltes Ser5 of RNA pol II C-terminal domain
  3. Releases RNA pol from promoter
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3
Q

RNA pol III

A

Synthesizes:

  1. rRNA
  2. tRNA
  3. U6 snRNA
  4. 7SL RNA
  5. other small ncRNAs
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4
Q

General Transcription Factors (GTFs) needed for transcription iniation

A
  1. TFIID
  2. TFIIB
  3. TFIIE
  4. TFIIF
  5. TFIIH

Also RNA pol II

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5
Q

Four main structural motifs in transcription factors and DNA-binding proteins

A
  1. Helix-loop-helix (HLH)
  2. Helix-turn-helix (HTH)
  3. Leucine zipper
  4. Zinc fingers
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6
Q

Examples of translational regulation

A
  1. mRNA localization in neurons
  2. Maternal mRNA storage in oocytes
  3. Iron-response elements (IREs) in UTRs
  4. miRNAs
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7
Q

RNA Pol I

A

In nucleolus and produces single primary 45S rRNA that is cleaved into:

  1. 28S rRNA
  2. 18S rRNA
  3. 5.8S rRNA
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8
Q

Role of TFIIE in transcription

A

Attracts and regulates TFIIH

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9
Q

Role of TFIIB in transcription

A
  1. recognizes BRE element in promoter
  2. Accurately positions RNA polymerase at start site of transcription
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10
Q

Sequence elements found in RNA pol II core promoters

A
  1. TFIIB recognition element (BRE): -41 to -35
  2. Initiator (contains Trasncription Start Site [Tss]): -2
  3. Downstream core promoter element (DPE):+28 to +32
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11
Q

Two main factors in selection of binding sequences

A
  1. Combinatorial binding of multiple proteins at multiple binding sites
  2. Chromatin structure
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12
Q

How does miRNA regulate translatiom?

A
  • No mismatch with target mRNA leads to mRNA degradation
  • Mismatch with target mRNA leads to inhibittion translation
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13
Q

Role of TFIID in transcription

A

TBP subunit recognizes TATA box

TAF subunits bind DNA near start site

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14
Q

Constitutive Heterochromatin Modifications

A
  • Trimethylated H3K9
  • Trimethylated H4K20
  • Acetylated H4K12
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15
Q

Facultative Heterochromatin Modifications

A
  • Dimethylated H3K9
  • Trimethylated H3K27
  • Acetylated H4K12
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16
Q

Euchromatin Modifications

A
  • Trimethylated H3K4
  • Monomethylated H3K4
  • Monomethylated H4K20
  • Monomethylated H4R3
  • Acetylated H3K9
  • Acetylated H4K5

Molecular Genetics (1 decks)

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