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Dental Hygiene Exam 2 > Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four vital signs?

A
  1. body temp
  2. pulse
  3. respiratory rate
  4. blood pressure
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2
Q

What is the fifth new vital sign?

A

smoking status

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3
Q

What is the number one preventable cause of illness and death?

A

smoking

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4
Q

What is the normal body temperature? What is the range?

A

98.6 degrees F

Ranges: 96.0-99.5

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5
Q

Normal pulse rate?

A

60-100 per minute

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6
Q

Normal respiration?

A

12-20 per minute

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7
Q

What is the top number of the blood pressure called?

A

Systolic

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8
Q

What is the bottom number of the blood pressure called?

A

Diastolic

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9
Q

What is the normal blood pressure?

A

<120/<80

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10
Q

What’s the blood pressure numbers for prehypertension?

A

120-139/80-89

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11
Q

Stage One hypertension:

A

140-159/90-99

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12
Q

Stage Two Hypertension:

A

> 160/>100

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13
Q

If vital signs are not within normal limits what should you do?

A

check with a physician

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14
Q

What position should the pt. be when you are taking vital signs?

A

Upright position and at eye level

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15
Q

Pulse

A

intermittent throbbing sensation felt when fingers are pressed against an artery

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16
Q

What should be noted about the pulse?

A

irregularities of strength, rhythm, and quality of pulse

17
Q

What is increased pulse rate caused by?

A

exercise, stimulants, eating, strong emotions, extreme heat or cold

18
Q

What is decreased pulse rate caused by?

A

sleep, depressants, fasting, quieting emotions, and low vitality from prolonged illness

19
Q

tachycardia

A

an unusually fast heartbeat (over 100 beats per min. in an adult)

20
Q

bradycardia

A

an unusually slow heartbeat (below beats per min.)

21
Q

Where can you take the pulse?

A
  • Radial (wrist for clinical setting)
  • Carotid (during CPR)
  • Brachial (used on infant)
22
Q

Respiration

A

supplies oxygen to the tissues and eliminate carbon dioxide

23
Q

What causes an increased respiration?

A

work, exercise, excitement, shock,nervousness, pain and strong emotions

24
Q

What causes a decreased respiration?

A

sleep, certain drugs, pulmonary deficiency

25
Q

Factors to observe when taking pt. respiration:

A

depth, rhythm, quality, sounds

26
Q

Blood Pressure

A

The force exerted by the blood on the blood vessel walls. When the left ventricle of heart contracts, blood is forced into the aorta and travels through the larger arteries to the smaller arteries, arterioles,, and capillaries. The pulsations extend from the heart thru the arteries and disappear into the arterioles; during this course the blood pressure is changing constantly.

27
Q

Systolic pressure

A

the peak or the highest pressure. Normal is less than 120 mmHg

28
Q

Diastolic pressure

A

lowest is pressure. Normal is less than 80 mmHg

29
Q

Pulse pressure

A

the difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures. Normal or safe difference is less than 40 mmHg

30
Q

mmHG

A

millimeters of mercury

31
Q

What do you take blood pressure with?

A

Mercury sphygmomanometer

32
Q

Procedure for determining blood pressure:

A
  1. Prepare pt.
  2. Apply cuff ( apply at level of heart, fasten cuff snugly)
  3. Inflate cuff
  4. Position the stethoscope end piece
  5. Deflate the cuff gradually
  6. Repeat for conformation
  7. Record b.p and a fraction
33
Q

What does the dental personnel have an obligation to do?

A

advise and refer for further evaluation

34
Q

Auscultation

A

Listening for sounds produced within the body. May be performed directly or with a stethoscope

35
Q

Korotoff sounds

A

The sounds heard during the determination of blood pressure; sounds originating within the blood passing through the vessel or produced by vibratory motion of the arterial wall

Dental Hygiene Exam 2 (2 decks)

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