chapter 11

Question 1

faults

Answer 1

surfaces on which broken rock moves on

Question 2

earthquake

Answer 2

vibrations produced by breaking rock

Question 3

normal fault

Answer 3

where rock above the fault surface moves toward and in the same direction as rocks above the surface

Question 4

reverse fault

Answer 4

where rock above the surface is forced upward and in a different direction than rock below the surface

Question 5

strike-slip fault

Answer 5

a transform plate boundary with a fault in the middle

Question 6

seismic waves

Answer 6

waves generated by an earthquake that travel through Earth

Question 7

focus

Answer 7

the origin of seismic waves

Question 8

Primary waves

Answer 8

causes particles in rocks to move back and forth in corespondence with the wave

Question 9

Secondary waves

Answer 9

move through Earth by causing particles in rocks to move at right angles to the direction of wave travel

Question 10

Surface waves

Answer 10

move rock particles in a backward, rolling motion and a side-to-side motion

Question 11

epicenter

Answer 11

the point on the surface directly above the focus of the earthquake

Question 12

siesmograph

Answer 12

measures seismic waves

Question 13

magnitutude

Answer 13

highest amount of energy realeased during an earthquake

Question 14

liquefaction

Answer 14

when wet soil becomes very runny during an earthquake

Question 15

tsunamis

Answer 15

ocean waves caused by earthquakes