Chapter 11

Question 1

What is homeostasis?

Answer 1

It’s the state of being relatively stable.

Question 2

Grey matter

Answer 2

Contains cell bodies, dendrites, and unmylienated

Question 3

White matter

Answer 3

Mylienated axons

Question 4

If the CNS is damaged, what can be affected?

Answer 4

Temperature, motor control, homeostasis

Question 5

Meninges

Answer 5

3 layers of tough elastic tissue protects the brain and CNS

Question 6

Cerebellum

Answer 6

• Walnut shaped
• controls unaware coordination of posture, reflexes, and body movement.
• receives info from proprioceptors

Question 7

Mendulla Oblongata

Answer 7

Controls unaware responses such as heart rate, blood pressure, breathing, coughing, swallowing and coughing.

Question 8

Pons

Answer 8

Relay centre between the left and right halves of the cerebrum.

Question 9

Blood-brain barrier

Answer 9

Protects and supplies brain with nutrients and oxygen, because the blood capillaries leading to the brain are tightly fused and can block out toxins and infectious agents.

Question 10

Cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 10

Transports hormones, white blood cells, and nutrients across the blood-brain barrier.

Question 11

Cerebral cortex

Answer 11

Responsible for language, memory, personality, vision, and conscious thought.

Question 12

Corpus callousness

Answer 12

Sends message from one cerebral hemisphere to the other.

Question 13

Occipital lobes

Answer 13

Receives and analyzes visual info.

recognizing what is being seen

Question 14

Temporal lobes

Answer 14

Main function is auditory reception.

*linked to understanding speech and retrieving visual and verbal memories.

Question 15

Partial lobes

Answer 15

Receives processing info from the skin.

Question 16

Frontal lobes

Answer 16

Control reasoning, critical thinking, memory and personality.

Question 17

Thalamus

Answer 17

Connects various parts of the brain.

Question 18

Hypothalamus

Answer 18

Controls pituitary gland, heart rate, blood pressure, and temp.

Question 19

Broca’s area

Answer 19

Controls muscles for speaking and translation through speech

Question 20

Werenicks area

Answer 20

Stores info involved in language comprehension. If effected words make little sense.

Question 21

Estrogen

Answer 21

Promotes the development of female sex characteristics

Question 22

Progesterone

Answer 22

Prevents uterine contractions

Periods

Question 23

Pancreatic gland

Answer 23

Contains exocrine and endocrine gland
Is tests of Langerhans= cluster of cells
Alpha and beta

Question 24

Insulin

Answer 24

Released after a meal when blood glucose is high.
Target= muscle, liver cells plus body cells
Actions= makes cells more permeable to glucose decreasing blood sugar levels.

Question 25

Glycogen

Answer 25

Released after exercise or fasting when blood glucose is low | *Muscle liver cells

Question 26

Diabetes insipidus

Answer 26

Due to low ADH production. Decreased water reabsorption in kidneys. Produces large urine production, excessive thirst.

Question 27

Pituitary Dwarfism

Answer 27

Low GH secretion during childhood *treatment hGH injections during childhood

Question 28

Gigantism

Answer 28

High GH during childhood Results in excessive growth during childhood

Question 29

Acromegaly

Answer 29

Continual secretion of GH into adulthood After growth plates have fused at the end of adolescents, other bones respond to GH since bones can no longer grow. Bones grow out instead of long way.

Question 30

Hypothyroidism

Answer 30

Low thyroid secretions Sugar NOT utilized fast Symptoms: weight gain, low energy, cold, dry skin, hoarse voice and low sperm count in males/ low testosterone Crotism: child with very low thyroxin develops poorly sexually and mentally as well as physically

Question 31

ADH

Answer 31

Target= kidney Increases water reabsorption in the nephron Diabetic insipidus

Question 32

Oxytocin

Answer 32

Target= mammory glands and uterus Initiates milk release

Question 33

PRL

Answer 33

Target= Mammory glands Stimulates and maintains milk production

Question 34

FSH

Answer 34

Target= Ovaries and testies Stimulates foccile development and promotes development of sperm cells.

Question 35

LH

Answer 35

Ovaries and testies

Question 36

Peripheral nervous system

Answer 36

Sensory receptors in the head and extremities. Nerves carry sensory info to the central nerves system to the skeletal muscle Automatic system controls functioning of smooth cardiac muscles Sympathetic and parasympathetic control involuntary process such as heart beat and peristalsis