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biology chapter 11 > chapter 11 > Flashcards

chapter 11 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

genetics

A

scientific study of heredity

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2
Q

fertilization

A

male and female reproductive cells combine

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3
Q

true-breeding

A

when the offspring is identical to the parent organism

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4
Q

traits

A

a specific characteristic , such as eye color or hair color

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5
Q

hybrids

A

offspring where the parent organisms had different traits from each other

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6
Q

genes

A

chemical factors that determine traits

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7
Q

alleles

A

different forms of genes

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8
Q

the principle of dominance

A

some alleles are dominant and others are recessive

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9
Q

segregation

A

seperation of alleles during gamete formation

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10
Q

gametes

A

specialized cell used in reproduction

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11
Q

probability

A

the likelihood of a particular event happening

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12
Q

homozygous

A

a organism with two identical alleles

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13
Q

heterozygous

A

organisms with two different alleles for the same trait

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14
Q

phenotype

A

the same physical characteristics among a group of organisms

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15
Q

genotype

A

the genetic makeup of an organism

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16
Q

independent assortment

A

independent segregation of genes during the formation of gametes

17
Q

incomplete dominance

A

when one allele is not completely dominant over the other allele

18
Q

codominance

A

where both alleles are contributed to the phenotype

19
Q

multiple alleled

A

genes with more than two alleles

20
Q

polygenic traits

A

traits controlled by two or more genes

21
Q

homologous

A

chromosomes that each have a corresponding chromosomes from the opposite sex parent

22
Q

diploid

A

a cell that contains both sets of homologous chromosomes

23
Q

haploid

A

a cell that contains only a single set of chromosomes and therefore only a single set of genes

24
Q

meiosis

A

is the process of reduction division in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell

biology chapter 11 (1 decks)

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