Chapter 11 Flashcards
Identical copy of an organism
Cloning
Type of cloning that combines a nucleus taken from one individuals body cell with a denucleatated egg cell from another individual to produce the first cell of a new organism
Somatic cell nuclear transfer
A single strained sequence of DNA labeled with a radioactive isotope if florescent tag used to detect the presence of a known sequence of nucleotides.
DNA probe
Uses PCR and DNA probes to detect genetic diseases in embryos that might later be implanted in a women’s uterus
Preimplantation genetic diagnosis
Uses PCR and DNA proves to detect genetic diseases in fetuses newborns children and adults
Genetic testing
The practical application of the knowledge about DNA
DNA technology
Protein that cuts double standard DNA at a specific base sequence
Restriction enzymes
Genetic material that has been cut with restriction enzymes and spliced with DNA from another organism
Recombinant DNA
Laboratory technique used to establish a link between biological evidence and a suspect in a criminal investigation
DNA fingerprinting
A technique used in laboratories in order to separate macromolecules based in size. The technique apples a negative charge so proteins move towards a positive charge.
Electrophoresis
Individual with recombinant DNA
Transgenic organism
Employs viruses to insert healthy genes into cells
Gene therapy
Determines the nucleotide sequence of DNA fragments
DNA sequencing
Amplifies DNA in a test tube using the cells replication machinery
PCR
Uses DNA sequencing a PCR to detect genetic differences among individuals
DNA profiling
A test that evaluates the number and structure of a persons chromosomes in order to detect abnormalities
Chromosomal analysis
Number and appearance of chromosome in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell
Karyotype
Direct manipulation of an organisms genome using biotechnology
Genetic modification
Genetic alteration of a cell resulting from the direct uptake and incorporation of external genetic material from its surroundings through the cell membrane
Genetic transformation
Cells found in embryos and some adult tissues that give rise to other cell types
Stem cells
Transgenic organisms are important in
Industry, research and agriculture
Modified nucleotides to generate DNA fragments by various lengths
Sanger method
Cloning sheep
1996 dolly
