Chapter 11 Flashcards
What does the atomic number of an element represent?
The number of protons
What subatomic particles are in the nucleus of an atom?
Neutrons and protons
What is an isotope?
Same atomic number and different mass
Paint evidence is found in these two crimes.
Burglary and hit-and-run
What does the PDQ database determine?
Year, make, and model
What is paint composed of?
Binder,pigment, and solvent
Which auto paint coating resists corrosion? Resists UV radiation? Looks good?
Electrocoat primer, base coat, and clear coat
What paint characteristic is the most distinctive forensic characteristic?
Color layer sequence
How are paint binders chemically analyzed?
Pyrolysis and infrared
How is sand formed?
Inland rocks brought in by wind and water
What is the first step in soil analysis?
Compare dried soil for color and texture
What causes sand grains to become rounded slowly? More quickly?
Wind blown sand
List the subatomic particles, charge & location
Electron: negative charge and orbits nucleus
Neutron: no charge and is in the nucleus
Proton: positive charge and is in nucleus
What does potassium chromate produce when added to soil sample?
Yellow precipitate
What element gives soil a reddish brown color?
Iron
What is the most common mineral found in sand?
Quartz
What gives volcanic sand it’s dark color?
Black basalt
Who first used soil evidence to solve a crime?
George Popp
List soil particles from smallest to largest
Clay, sand, silt
How are oolites formed?
By deposition
What is leeching
Water dripping through soil and carrying out minerals
What are the subcategories of soil.
Loam, peat, and chalk
What is peat soil
Loam with more than 20% decaying organic material
Which horizon is known as top soil?
A horizon
What does the universal indicator turn in the presence of a base? Acid?
Base: blue or violet
Acid: red orange
In what type of evidence can trace elements be found
Paint,soil,glass,metal,sand
