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Bio Ch. 11 > Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

True breeding

A

Able to produce offspring identical to themselves

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1
Q

Fertilization

A

When egg and sperm join and produces a new cell

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2
Q

Trait

A

Specific characteristic that varies in individuals

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3
Q

Hybrid

A

Offspring of crosses between parents with different traits

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4
Q

Genes

A

Chemical factors that determine traits

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5
Q

Alleles

A

Different forms of a gene

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6
Q

Principle of dominance

A

Some alleles are dominant, others recessive

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7
Q

Segregation

A

When two alleles segregate from eachother so that each gamete carries only a single copy of each gene

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8
Q

Phenotype

A

Physical characteristics

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9
Q

Genotype

A

Genetic makeup ex: GG

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10
Q

Independent assortment

A

Genes for different traits segregate independently because they’re located on different chromosomes

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11
Q

Incomplete dominance

A

Phenotype is a blend of both parents

Ex: red and white flowers=pink flowers

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12
Q

Random fertilization

A

Randomness of fertilization of egg by sperm

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13
Q

Codominance

A

Offspring show neither phenotype and both alleles are dominant

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14
Q

Multiple alleles

A

Over 2 alleles control a trait

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15
Q

Polygenic traits

A

Having many genes, ex: skin & eye color

16
Q

Homologous

A

Each of the 4 chromosomes from male parent has corresponding chromosome from female parent

17
Q

Meiosis

A

Process of reduction division where number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through separation of homologous chromosomes in diploid cell

18
Q

Tetrad

A

Structure where chromosome pairs with its corresponding homologous chromosome

19
Q

Mitosis results

A

Results in production of two genetically identical diploid cells

20
Q

Meiosis results

A

Produces four genetically different haploid cells

Bio Ch. 11 (1 decks)

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