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Chapter 11 > Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Flashcards

0
Q

Electrical signal transmitted along the nerve fiber in response to a stimulus

A

Nerve impulse

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1
Q

Process of thought — including, reasoning, judgement, and perception

A

Cognition

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2
Q

Chemicals in the brain that transmit messages between nerve cells

A

Neurotransmitters

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3
Q

Pertaining to the outside, surface, or surrounding area of an organ or structure or occurring away from the center

A

Perpipheral

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4
Q

Caused by or pertaining to an injury

A

Traumatic

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5
Q

Pertaining to or composed of blood vessels

A

Vascular

vascul: vessel
(ar: pertaining to)

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6
Q

The branch of medicine concerned with diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the nervous system.

A

Neurology

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7
Q

What does the nervous system include?

A

Brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves

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8
Q

Cerebr/o

A

Cerebrum

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9
Q

Encephal/o

A

Brain

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10
Q

Gli/o

A

Glue; neuroglial tissue

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11
Q

Mening/o

A

Menings

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12
Q

Meningi/o

A

Meninges

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13
Q

Myel/o

A

Bone marrow; spinal cord

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14
Q

Neur/o

A

Nerve

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15
Q

-lepsy

A

Seizure

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16
Q

-phasia

A

Speech

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17
Q

Dys-

A

Bad, painful, difficult

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18
Q

Hemi-

A

One half

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19
Q

Para-

A

Near, besides, four

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20
Q

Quadri-

A

Four

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21
Q

Progressive, irreversible deterioration of mental function marked by memory impairment and, commonly, deficitis in reasoning, judgement, abstract thought, comprehension, learning, task execution, and use of language

A

Dementia

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22
Q

Chronic, organic brain syndrome characterized by death of neurons in the cerebal cortex and their replacement by microscopic “plaques,” which results in dementia that progresses to complete loss of mental, emotional, and physical functioning and personality changes

A

Alzheimer disease

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23
Q

Disorder that results from the generation of electrical signals insude the brain, causing recurring seizures in which some people simply stare blankly for a few seconds durring a seizure, which others have extreme convulsions

A

Epilepsy

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24
Q

Inherited, defenerative disease of the CNS with symptoms developing in middle age as nerve cells in the brain waste away, resulting in uncontrolled bizarre movements, emotional disturbances, and mental deterioration

A

Huntington chorea

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25
Q

Condition caused by an accumulation of fluid within the ventricles of the brain that causes pressure builds up, distending the ventricles in the brain and compressing brain tissue, and which, if left untreated, causes a grossly enlarged head and mental retardation

A

Hydrocephalus
(Hydro:water
Cephal:head
Us:condition)

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26
Q

Progressive degenerative disease of the CNS characterized by inflammation, hardening, and loss of myelin throughout the spinal cord and brain, which produces weakness and other muscle symptoms

A 
Multiple selerosis(MS)
(Seler:hardening;selera)
27
Q

Malignant tumor composed mainly of cells resembling neuroblasts that occurs most commonly in infants and children

A

Neuroblastoma

28
Q

Nonpsychotic mental illness that triggers feelings of distress and anxiety and impairs normal behavior

A

Neurosis

Neuro:nerve

29
Q

Partial or complet loss of motor function

A

Palsy

30
Q

Facual paralysis on one side of the face due to inflammation of a facial nerve

A

Bell

31
Q

Bilateral, symmetrical, nonprogressive motor dysfunction and partial paralysis, which is usually caused by damage to the cerebrum during gestation or birth trauma but can also be hereditary

A

Cerebral

32
Q

Loss of muscle function, loss of sensation, or both as a result of spinal cord injury

A

Paralysis

33
Q

Progressive neurological disorder caused by a neurotransmitter deficiency that affects the portion of the brain responsible for controlling movement and results in hand tremors, uncontrollable head nodding, shuffling gait, and difficulty talking, swallowing, or completing simple tasks

A

Parkinson disease

34
Q

Inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord caused by a virus, commonly resulting in spinal and muscle deformity and paralysis

A

Poliomyelitis
(Polio:gray matter
Myel: bone marrow; spinal cord)

35
Q

Mental disorder marked by loss of contact with reality; often with delusions and hallucinations

A

Psychosis

36
Q

Severe pain in the leg along the course of the sciatic nerve, which travels from the hip to the foot

A

Sciatica

37
Q

Eruption of acute, inflammatory, herpetic vesicles caused by heroes zoster virus on the trunk of the body along a peripheral nerve

A

Shingles

38
Q

Congenital neural tube defect characterized by incomplete closure of the spinal canal through which the spinal cord and meninges may or may not protrude

A

Spina bifida

39
Q

Most common and lease severe form of spina bifida without protrusion of the spinal cord or meninges

A

Spina bifida occulta

40
Q

More severe type of spina bifida that involves protrusion of the meninges, spinal cord, or both

A

Spina bifida cystica

41
Q

Brain tissue damage caused by a disorder within the blood vessels that is usually due to the formation of a clot or a ruptured blood vessel

A

Stroke

42
Q

Interrupition in blood supply to the brain that does not cause permanent brain damage but may be an indication of higher risk of a more serious and debilitating condition

A

Transient ischemic attach (TIA)

43
Q

Laboratory test used to examine a sample of CSF fluid obtained from a lumbar puncture which is analyzed for presence of blood, bacteria, malignant cells, as well as for the amount of protein and glucose present

A

Cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) analysis
(Cerebro:cerebrum
Spin:spine)

44
Q

Insertion of a needle into the subarachnoid space of the spinal column to withdraw a sample of CSF used for biochemical, microbiological, and cytological laboratory analysis

A 
Lumbar puncture (LP)
(Lumb:loins, lower back)
45
Q

Surgical procedure that creates an opening in the skull to gain access to the brain during neurosurgical procedures

A

Craniotomy

Cranio:cranium

46
Q

Partial destruction of the thalamus to treat psychosis or intractable pain

A

Thalamotomy

Thalamo : thalamus

47
Q

Produce partial or complete loss of sensation with or without loss of conciousness

A

Anesthetics

48
Q

Prevent or control seizures

A

Anticonvulsants

49
Q

Produce loss of feeling and affect a local area only

A

Local

50
Q

Produce complete loss of feeling with loss of conciousness

A

General

51
Q

Reduce the signs and symptoms associated with parkinson disease

A

Antiparkinsonian agents

52
Q

Severe injuries to the spinal cord that result in impairment of spinal cord function below the level of the injury

A

Vertebral fractures

53
Q

C1, C2, and so on

A

First cervical vertebra, second cervical vertebra, and so on

54
Q

CNS

A

Central nervous system

55
Q

CSF

A

Cerebrospinal fluid

56
Q

CO

A

Coccygeal nerves

57
Q

CVA

A

Cerebrovascular accident; costovertebral angle

58
Q

CVD

A

Cerebrovascular disease

59
Q

EEG

A

Electrocardiogram; electroencephalography

60
Q

L1, L2, and so on

A

First lumbar vertebra, second lumbar vertebra, and so on

61
Q

LP

A

Lumbar puncture

62
Q

MS

A 
Mitral stenosis
Musculoskeletal
Multiple sclerosis
Mental status
Magnesium sulfate
63
Q

S1 , S2

A

First sacral vertebra
Second sacral vertebra
And so on

64
Q

T1-T12

A

First thoracic vertebra and so on

65
Q

TIA

A

Transient ischemic attack

Chapter 11 (1 decks)

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