Chapter 11

Question 0

Electrical signal transmitted along the nerve fiber in response to a stimulus

Answer 0

Nerve impulse

Question 1

Process of thought — including, reasoning, judgement, and perception

Answer 1

Cognition

Question 2

Chemicals in the brain that transmit messages between nerve cells

Answer 2

Neurotransmitters

Question 3

Pertaining to the outside, surface, or surrounding area of an organ or structure or occurring away from the center

Answer 3

Perpipheral

Question 4

Caused by or pertaining to an injury

Answer 4

Traumatic

Question 5

Pertaining to or composed of blood vessels

Answer 5

Vascular

vascul: vessel
(ar: pertaining to)

Question 6

The branch of medicine concerned with diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the nervous system.

Answer 6

Neurology

Question 7

What does the nervous system include?

Answer 7

Brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves

Question 8

Cerebr/o

Answer 8

Cerebrum

Question 9

Encephal/o

Answer 9

Brain

Question 10

Gli/o

Answer 10

Glue; neuroglial tissue

Question 11

Mening/o

Answer 11

Menings

Question 12

Meningi/o

Answer 12

Meninges

Question 13

Myel/o

Answer 13

Bone marrow; spinal cord

Question 14

Neur/o

Answer 14

Nerve

Question 15

-lepsy

Answer 15

Seizure

Question 16

-phasia

Answer 16

Speech

Question 17

Dys-

Answer 17

Bad, painful, difficult

Question 18

Hemi-

Answer 18

One half

Question 19

Para-

Answer 19

Near, besides, four

Question 20

Quadri-

Answer 20

Four

Question 21

Progressive, irreversible deterioration of mental function marked by memory impairment and, commonly, deficitis in reasoning, judgement, abstract thought, comprehension, learning, task execution, and use of language

Answer 21

Dementia

Question 22

Chronic, organic brain syndrome characterized by death of neurons in the cerebal cortex and their replacement by microscopic “plaques,” which results in dementia that progresses to complete loss of mental, emotional, and physical functioning and personality changes

Answer 22

Alzheimer disease

Question 23

Disorder that results from the generation of electrical signals insude the brain, causing recurring seizures in which some people simply stare blankly for a few seconds durring a seizure, which others have extreme convulsions

Answer 23

Epilepsy

Question 24

Inherited, defenerative disease of the CNS with symptoms developing in middle age as nerve cells in the brain waste away, resulting in uncontrolled bizarre movements, emotional disturbances, and mental deterioration

Answer 24

Huntington chorea

Question 25

Condition caused by an accumulation of fluid within the ventricles of the brain that causes pressure builds up, distending the ventricles in the brain and compressing brain tissue, and which, if left untreated, causes a grossly enlarged head and mental retardation

Answer 25

Hydrocephalus (Hydro:water Cephal:head Us:condition)

Question 26

Progressive degenerative disease of the CNS characterized by inflammation, hardening, and loss of myelin throughout the spinal cord and brain, which produces weakness and other muscle symptoms

Answer 26

``` Multiple selerosis(MS) (Seler:hardening;selera) ```

Question 27

Malignant tumor composed mainly of cells resembling neuroblasts that occurs most commonly in infants and children

Answer 27

Neuroblastoma

Question 28

Nonpsychotic mental illness that triggers feelings of distress and anxiety and impairs normal behavior

Answer 28

Neurosis | Neuro:nerve

Question 29

Partial or complet loss of motor function

Answer 29

Palsy

Question 30

Facual paralysis on one side of the face due to inflammation of a facial nerve

Answer 30

Bell

Question 31

Bilateral, symmetrical, nonprogressive motor dysfunction and partial paralysis, which is usually caused by damage to the cerebrum during gestation or birth trauma but can also be hereditary

Answer 31

Cerebral

Question 32

Loss of muscle function, loss of sensation, or both as a result of spinal cord injury

Answer 32

Paralysis

Question 33

Progressive neurological disorder caused by a neurotransmitter deficiency that affects the portion of the brain responsible for controlling movement and results in hand tremors, uncontrollable head nodding, shuffling gait, and difficulty talking, swallowing, or completing simple tasks

Answer 33

Parkinson disease

Question 34

Inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord caused by a virus, commonly resulting in spinal and muscle deformity and paralysis

Answer 34

Poliomyelitis (Polio:gray matter Myel: bone marrow; spinal cord)

Question 35

Mental disorder marked by loss of contact with reality; often with delusions and hallucinations

Answer 35

Psychosis

Question 36

Severe pain in the leg along the course of the sciatic nerve, which travels from the hip to the foot

Answer 36

Sciatica

Question 37

Eruption of acute, inflammatory, herpetic vesicles caused by heroes zoster virus on the trunk of the body along a peripheral nerve

Answer 37

Shingles

Question 38

Congenital neural tube defect characterized by incomplete closure of the spinal canal through which the spinal cord and meninges may or may not protrude

Answer 38

Spina bifida

Question 39

Most common and lease severe form of spina bifida without protrusion of the spinal cord or meninges

Answer 39

Spina bifida occulta

Question 40

More severe type of spina bifida that involves protrusion of the meninges, spinal cord, or both

Answer 40

Spina bifida cystica

Question 41

Brain tissue damage caused by a disorder within the blood vessels that is usually due to the formation of a clot or a ruptured blood vessel

Answer 41

Stroke

Question 42

Interrupition in blood supply to the brain that does not cause permanent brain damage but may be an indication of higher risk of a more serious and debilitating condition

Answer 42

Transient ischemic attach (TIA)

Question 43

Laboratory test used to examine a sample of CSF fluid obtained from a lumbar puncture which is analyzed for presence of blood, bacteria, malignant cells, as well as for the amount of protein and glucose present

Answer 43

Cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) analysis (Cerebro:cerebrum Spin:spine)

Question 44

Insertion of a needle into the subarachnoid space of the spinal column to withdraw a sample of CSF used for biochemical, microbiological, and cytological laboratory analysis

Answer 44

``` Lumbar puncture (LP) (Lumb:loins, lower back) ```

Question 45

Surgical procedure that creates an opening in the skull to gain access to the brain during neurosurgical procedures

Answer 45

Craniotomy | Cranio:cranium

Question 46

Partial destruction of the thalamus to treat psychosis or intractable pain

Answer 46

Thalamotomy | Thalamo : thalamus

Question 47

Produce partial or complete loss of sensation with or without loss of conciousness

Answer 47

Anesthetics

Question 48

Prevent or control seizures

Answer 48

Anticonvulsants

Question 49

Produce loss of feeling and affect a local area only

Answer 49

Local

Question 50

Produce complete loss of feeling with loss of conciousness

Answer 50

General

Question 51

Reduce the signs and symptoms associated with parkinson disease

Answer 51

Antiparkinsonian agents

Question 52

Severe injuries to the spinal cord that result in impairment of spinal cord function below the level of the injury

Answer 52

Vertebral fractures

Question 53

C1, C2, and so on

Answer 53

First cervical vertebra, second cervical vertebra, and so on

Question 54

CNS

Answer 54

Central nervous system

Question 55

CSF

Answer 55

Cerebrospinal fluid

Question 56

CO

Answer 56

Coccygeal nerves

Question 57

CVA

Answer 57

Cerebrovascular accident; costovertebral angle

Question 58

CVD

Answer 58

Cerebrovascular disease

Question 59

EEG

Answer 59

Electrocardiogram; electroencephalography

Question 60

L1, L2, and so on

Answer 60

First lumbar vertebra, second lumbar vertebra, and so on

Question 61

LP

Answer 61

Lumbar puncture

Question 62

MS

Answer 62

``` Mitral stenosis Musculoskeletal Multiple sclerosis Mental status Magnesium sulfate ```

Question 63

S1 , S2

Answer 63

First sacral vertebra Second sacral vertebra And so on

Question 64

T1-T12

Answer 64

First thoracic vertebra and so on

Question 65

TIA

Answer 65

Transient ischemic attack