Chapter 11 Flashcards
Which bones make up the acetabulum of the hip?
A. Ilium, ischium, femur
B. Pubis, femur, ilium
C. Ilium, ischium, pubis
D. Ilium, ischium
Ilium, ischium, pubis
The acetabulum is the socket of the hip joint formed by these three bones.
Which bony landmark is MOST OFTEN used to measure leg lengths and heights for assistive devices?
A. Anterior superior iliac spine
B. Greater trochanter of the femur
C. Posterior superior iliac spine
D. Lesser trochanter of the femur
Anterior superior iliac spine
This landmark is commonly used due to its accessibility and reliability.
Which angle indicates a coxa valgus of the femoral neck and shaft?
A. 140°
B. 125°
C. 110°
D. 90°
140°
Coxa valgus is characterized by an increased angle of inclination.
Which relationship between the neck of the femur and the femoral shaft results in an excessive ‘toeing-out’ posture?
A. Coxa valgus
B. Excessive anteversion
C. Coxa vara
D. Retroversion
Retroversion
Retroversion can limit medial rotation at the hip.
What joint condition results from a center edge angle of the acetabulum greater than 25°?
A. Decreased weight-bearing surface
B. Greater joint stability
C. Increased joint pressure
D. Reduced joint stability
Greater joint stability
A higher center edge angle provides better coverage of the femoral head.
Which ligament assists with standing without actively contracting lower extremity musculature?
A. Ligamentum teres
B. Ischiofemoral
C. Pubofemoral
D. Iliofemoral
Iliofemoral
This ligament helps to stabilize the hip joint in an upright position.
What position of the hip produces the greatest amount of contact between joint surfaces?
A. Flexed 90°, abducted, and medially rotated
B. Neutral in the sagittal plane, abducted, and medially rotated
C. Flexed 90°, abducted, and laterally rotated
D. Extended 20°, abducted, and no rotation
Flexed 90°, abducted, and laterally rotated
This position maximizes the contact area in the hip joint.
What is the average passive extension range of motion at the hip if the knee is extended?
A. 40°
B. 30°
C. 10°
D. 20°
30°
This range allows for functional movement patterns.
What motions occur with an increased anterior tilt of the pelvis?
A. Flexion at the hip, increased lumbar lordosis, spinal extension
B. Flexion at the hip, decreased lumbar lordosis, spinal extension
C. Extension at the hip, increased lumbar lordosis, spinal flexion
D. Extension at the hip, decreased lumbar lordosis, spinal flexion
Flexion at the hip, increased lumbar lordosis, spinal extension
Anterior pelvic tilt influences spinal alignment.
What is the resultant position of the left support hip when hiking the right pelvis upward?
A. Adducted
B. Laterally rotated
C. Abducted
D. Medially rotated
Abducted
This action raises the opposite side of the pelvis.
What is the resultant position of the left support hip when rotating the right pelvis forward?
A. Adducted
B. Laterally rotated
C. Abducted
D. Medially rotated
Laterally rotated
Forward rotation of the pelvis affects hip positioning.
What is the arthrokinematic motion at the hip during open-chain femoral flexion?
A. Spins medially
B. Spins posteriorly
C. Spins laterally
D. Spins anteriorly
Spins anteriorly
This motion describes the movement of the femoral head in the acetabulum.
Which muscles primarily function in hip flexion when activated?
A. Iliopsoas, sartorius, rectus femoris
B. Gluteus maximus, hamstrings
C. Iliopsoas, gluteus minimus, tensor fasciae latae
D. Gluteus maximus, piriformis
Iliopsoas, sartorius, rectus femoris
These muscles are crucial for lifting the thigh.
Which muscles are MOST LIKELY activated at the hip to achieve hip extension when moving from sitting to standing?
A. Iliopsoas, sartorius, rectus femoris
B. Gluteus maximus, hamstrings
C. Iliopsoas, gluteus minimus, tensor fasciae latae
D. Gluteus maximus, piriformis
Gluteus maximus, hamstrings
These muscles are key for extending the hip joint.
Which muscle groups assist with maintaining the pelvis in a level position when standing on one leg?
A. Iliopsoas, sartorius, rectus femoris
B. Gluteus maximus, hamstrings
C. Gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, tensor fasciae latae
D. Gluteus maximus, piriformis
Gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, tensor fasciae latae
These muscles stabilize the pelvis during unilateral stance.
Which muscles produce a force couple to anteriorly tilt the pelvis?
A. Hip extensors, abdominal muscles
B. Hip flexors, erector spinae muscles
C. Hip extensors, erector spinae muscles
D. Hip flexors, abdominal muscles
Hip flexors, erector spinae muscles
This couple aids in maintaining pelvic alignment.
Which muscles produce a force couple to posteriorly tilt the pelvis?
A. Hip extensors, abdominal muscles
B. Hip flexors, erector spinae muscles
C. Hip extensors, erector spinae muscles
D. Hip flexors, abdominal muscles
Hip extensors, abdominal muscles
This action helps to counteract excessive anterior tilt.
Which hip muscle plays a role as a spine stabilizer?
A. Iliacus
B. Psoas major
C. Rectus femoris
D. Tensor fasciae latae
Psoas major
This muscle connects the spine to the pelvis and aids in stabilization.
What position MOST EFFECTIVELY stretches the rectus femoris muscle?
A. Hip flexion with knee extension
B. Knee extension with hip in neutral
C. Hip extension with knee flexion
D. Knee flexion with hip in neutral
Hip flexion with knee extension
This position maximally elongates the rectus femoris.
In which position is the rectus femoris able to generate the greatest hip flexion torque?
A. Hip in neutral and knee flexion
B. Hip and knee extension
C. Hip flexion and knee extension
D. Hip and knee flexion
Hip and knee flexion
This position optimizes the muscle’s mechanical advantage.
What is the function of the posterior fibers of the adductor magnus muscle in the sagittal plane?
A. Hip extensor
B. Hip adductor
C. Hip flexor
D. Hip abductor
Hip extensor
These fibers contribute to extending the hip joint.
What is the function of the hip abductors at the end range of hip flexion during a powerful uphill sprint?
A. Abductor torque
B. Extension torque
C. Lateral rotation torque
D. Flexion torque
Abductor torque
Abductor muscles help stabilize the pelvis during sprinting.
What muscles are MOST LIKELY activated at the hip when moving from sitting to standing?
A. Iliopsoas, adductor magnus
B. Adductor magnus, rectus femoris
C. Gluteus maximus, hamstrings
D. Gluteus maximus, gracilis
Gluteus maximus, hamstrings
These muscles are critical for transitioning to an upright position.
In what position is gluteus maximus able to generate its greatest extensor force?
A. 70° hip flexion
B. Neutral
C. 20° hip extension
D. Position does not influence its ability to generate force
Neutral
This position allows the gluteus maximus to function optimally.
Which bony landmarks are used to palpate the attachments of the bicep femoris muscle?
A. Ischial tuberosity, medial aspect of tibia
B. Posterior inferior iliac spine, fibular head
C. Ischial tuberosity, fibular head, lateral tibial condyle
D. Posterior superior iliac spine, lateral tibial condyle
Ischial tuberosity, fibular head, lateral tibial condyle
These landmarks indicate the muscle’s attachment points.
What is the function of the hamstring muscles?
A. Knee extension
B. Hip extension, knee extension
C. Knee flexion
D. Hip extension, knee flexion
Hip extension, knee flexion
The hamstrings are crucial for both movements.
Which position provides the MOST EFFECTIVE stretch of the hamstring muscles?
A. Knee extension, hip neutral
B. Hip flexion, knee extension
C. Knee flexion, hip neutral
D. Hip extension, knee flexion
Knee extension, hip neutral
This position maximally lengthens the hamstring group.
Weakness in which muscle groups results in a dropping left pelvis when standing on the right leg?
A. Right hip flexors
B. Right hip abductors
C. Left hip flexors
D. Left hip abductors
Right hip abductors
Weak abductors lead to pelvic instability during gait.
Which statement BEST describes the function of the piriformis muscle?
A. Lateral hip rotator at all degrees of hip flexion/extension
B. Lateral hip rotator below 90° of hip flexion, medial rotator above 90° of hip flexion
C. Medial hip rotator at all degrees of hip flexion/extension
D. Medial hip rotator below 90° of hip flexion, lateral rotator above 90° of hip flexion
Lateral hip rotator below 90° of hip flexion, medial rotator above 90° of hip flexion
The piriformis functions differently based on hip position.
Which muscle groups rotate the pelvis in the horizontal plane toward the weight-bearing stance leg during forward swing of the right leg?
A. Right lateral rotators
B. Right medial rotators
C. Left lateral rotators
D. Left medial rotators
Left medial rotators
This action stabilizes the pelvis during leg movement.
