Chapter 11 Flashcards
What did Hans Eysenck conclude about whether or not psychotherapy works?
He concluded that psychotherapy does not work effectively.
What are the differences between efficacy and effectiveness studies?
Efficacy studies focus on whether psychotherapy works under ideal conditions, while effectiveness studies examine how well it works in real-world settings.
Efficacy studies of psychotherapy tend to maximize what type of validity?
Internal validity.
What type of validity do effectiveness studies of psychotherapy maximize?
External validity.
What three parties did Hans Strupp identify that should be consulted when researching psychotherapy outcomes?
- Patients
- Therapists
- Society
Overall, what have efficacy studies concluded about psychotherapy?
Efficacy studies conclude that psychotherapy is effective.
What are major flaws of the Consumer Reports study on psychotherapy?
Flaws include self-selection bias and lack of control groups.
Why is there a gap between the research and practice of psychotherapy?
Differences in methodologies, priorities, and the application of research findings.
What is practice-oriented research?
Research that focuses on practical applications and outcomes in real-world therapy settings.
What are alternate ways of measuring outcomes of psychotherapy aside from efficacy and effectiveness studies?
- Patient self-report measures
- Therapist assessments
- Behavioral observations
What is the ‘dodo bird verdict’?
The conclusion that all forms of psychotherapy are equally effective.
What are common factors in psychotherapy?
- Therapeutic alliance
- Rapport
- Empathy
What has Dianne Chambless argued regarding psychotherapy?
She argued that not all forms of psychotherapy are equivalent and has worked to establish specific efficacy of various approaches.
What is the Stages of Change Model?
A framework that outlines the stages individuals go through in changing behavior.
What is the difference between eclectic and integrative approaches to therapy?
Eclectic approaches draw from multiple theories as needed, while integrative approaches combine elements from different theories into a cohesive framework.
