Chapter 11

Question 1

What are saturated hydrocarbons?

Answer 1

They have single C-C bonds

Question 2

What are unsaturated hydrocarbons?

Answer 2

They have C-C multiple bonds (double or triple)

Question 3

What is a hydrocarbon?

Answer 3

An organic compound only containing hydrogen and carbon atoms only

Question 4

Homologous series?

Answer 4

Family of compounds with similar chemistry properties whose successive members differ by the addition of a -CH2- group

Question 5

What is a functional group?

Answer 5

Part of an organic molecule that is responsible for its chemical properties

Question 6

What are aliphatic compounds?

Answer 6

Carbon atoms that are up joined to each other in unbranched or branched chains or non-aromatic rings

Question 7

What are alicyclic compounds?

Answer 7

Carbon atoms are joined to each other in ring (cyclic) structure, with or without branches

Question 8

What are aromatic compounds?

Answer 8

Some or all of the carbon atoms are found in a benzene ring

Question 9

What are alkanes?

Answer 9

Containing single carbon to carbon bonds

Question 10

What are alkenes?

Answer 10

Containing at least one double carbon to carbon bond

Question 11

What are alkynes?

Answer 11

Containing at least one triple carbon to carbon bond

Question 12

Name the prefix and draw the functional group for aldehyde?

Answer 12

-CHO
Double bond to oxygen and single bond to hydrogen from carbon
Suffix: al

Question 13

Name the prefix and draw the functional group for ketone?

Answer 13

C(CO)C
Containing 3 carbons and one carbon in the middle with double bond to oxygen
Suffix: one

Question 14

Name the prefix and draw the functional group for carboxylic acid

Answer 14

COOH
Double bond to O and single bond to OH
suffix: oic acid

Question 15

Name the prefix and draw the functional group for ester?

Answer 15

COOC
double bond to O
Single bond to O and single bond to C from O (c-o-c)
Suffix: -oate

Question 16

Name the prefix and draw the functional group for acyl chloride?

Answer 16

COCL
double bond to O and single bond to Cl
Suffix: oyl chloride

Question 17

Name the prefix/suffix and draw the functional group for Amine?

Answer 17

NH2
prefix: amino
suffix: amine

Question 18

Name the prefix and draw the functional group for nitrile?

Answer 18

CN
Suffix: nitrile

Question 19

What are structural isomers?

Answer 19

Compounds with same molecular formula but different structural formulae

Question 20

What is Stereoisomerism?

Answer 20

Same structural formula but different arrangements t of atoms

Question 21

What is homolytic fission

Answer 21

When each of the bonded atoms take one of the shared pair of electrons from the covalent bond

Question 22

What is heterolytic fission?

Answer 22

One of the bonded atoms take both of the electrons from the bond

Question 23

What happens to the atoms in heterolytic fission?

Answer 23

Atoms that takes both electrons become negative ion

Atoms that do not take the electrons become positive ions.

Question 24

What do the curly arrows represent?

Answer 24

Movement of electron pair, free moving electron

Question 25

Name the three types of reactions in mechanisms?

Answer 25

Addition, substitution and elimination

Question 26

What happens in an addition reaction?

Answer 26

Two reactants join to form one product

Question 27

What is a substitution reaction?

Answer 27

An atom or group of atoms is replaced by a different atoms or group or atoms

Question 28

What is elimination?

Answer 28

Removal of a small molecule from a larger one
One reactant molecular forms two products