Chapter 11

Question 1

Molarity (M)

Answer 1

mol of solute / L of solution

Question 2

Molality (m)

Answer 2

mol of solute / kg of solvent

Question 3

Mass Percent (m/m%)

Answer 3

mass of solute / mass of solution * 100%

Question 4

Parts Per Million (ppm)

Answer 4

mass of solute / mass of solution * (1*10^6)

Question 5

Parts Per Billion (ppb)

Answer 5

mass of solute / mass of solution * (1*10^9)

Question 6

Mole Fraction (X)

Answer 6

mol of solute / mol of solution

Question 7

Volume Percent (v/v%)

Answer 7

mL of solute / mL of solution

Question 8

Dispersion

Answer 8

Non-polar (6th Strongest)

Question 9

Dipole Induced Dipole

Answer 9

Polar To Nonpolar (5th Strongest)

Question 10

Ion Induced Dipole

Answer 10

Ion To Non Polar (4th Strongest)

Question 11

Dipole-Dipole

Answer 11

Polar To Polar (3th Strongest)

Question 12

H-Bonds

Answer 12

Hydrogen Bonds To N, O, Or F (2th Strongest)

Question 13

Ion Dipole

Answer 13

Ion To Polar Molecule (1th Strongest)

Question 14

Exothermic

Answer 14

ΔH = Negative / Creates Energy From The Reaction / Goes Down

Question 15

Endothermic

Answer 15

ΔH = Positive / Used Energy For The Reaction / Goes Up

Question 16

When You Increase Temperature (Exo/Endo)

Answer 16

Endothermic - increased solubility / Exothermic - decreased solubility

Question 17

Solute - Solute (Strong)

Answer 17

Endothermic

Question 18

Solute - Solute (Weak)

Answer 18

Exothermic

Question 19

Polar In Polar / Non Polar In Non Polar

Answer 19

Exothermic Or Endothermic / Has To Be Close Together / Stronger Interaction

Question 20

Polar In Non Polar

Answer 20

Endothermic / Dispersion Weak / Big Difference

Question 21

Water Soluble For Gas

Answer 21

Low Temperature
High Pressure

Question 22

Henry’s Law Constant

Answer 22

Contraction Of Gas (moles) = Henry’s Law Constant (moles/pressure) * Partial Pressure Of Gass (atm)

Question 23

Raoult’s Law

Answer 23

Vapor Pressure Of The Solution = Mole Fraction Of The Solvent * Vapor Pressure Of The Pure Solvent

Question 24

Van ‘t Hoff Factor

Answer 24

Amount Of Concentration / Multiple It To Molarity & Molality

Question 25

Vapor Pressure Depends On

Answer 25

Number Of Particles / Strength Of Intermolecular Forces

Question 26

When Using Kb

Answer 26

You Need To Muttiply By How Many Ions Will Be Created

Question 27

Change In Temperature (Equation)

Answer 27

Change In Temperature = boiling/freezing constant * concentration in molaity * Van’t Hoff Factor

Question 28

The Lower Henry’s Law Constant

Answer 28

The Lower The Vapor Pressure Lower Soulbity In Water

Question 29

Volitional Dissolving

Answer 29

Volitial - Exothermic
Nonvolitial - Endothermic

Question 30

Osmotic Pressure

Answer 30

Osmotic Pressure = Van’t Hoff Index * Molarity * Ideal Gas Constant * Temperature In Kelvin

Question 31

Celsius To Kelvin

Answer 31

Add 273.15