chapter 11 Flashcards
what is a hydrocarbon?
compound containing only carbon and hydrogen
what does saturated mean?
compound with only single bonds
what does unsaturated mean?
a compound w a double or triple bond
what does homologous series mean?
a family of compound w similar chemical properties with successive members differing by CH2
what does functional group mean?
a compound or bond of an organic molecule responsible for the molecules chemical properties
what are the 6 types of formulae?
molecular
emperical
displayed
structural
skeletal
general
what is a molecular formula?
it shows the number of each atom present in one molecule
what is emperical formulae?
simplest whole number ratio of the atoms present
what is general formulae?
simplest algebraic formula for any member of the homologous series
what is displayed formulae?
shows the arrangement of atoms in a molecule, as well as the bonds e.g.CH3(CH3)CHClCH3
how is a branch shown in a displayed formula?
using brackets
what is a skeletal formulae?
simplified organic formula
all carbon and hydrogen and h bonds are removed
leaves lines representing carbon to carbon bonds
how do you name alkanes w branches?
numbers representing which carbon the branch is on, commas to seperate the numbers then a dash then state whether its an ethyle, methyle, propyle, (write in alphabetical order) etc and end with the alkane e.g butane
how do you decide what number carbon it is?
go from the side that has a chain on the smallest carbon
how do you name alkenes?
prefix - (no. of carbon the double bond is on) - ene
