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Hair Removal > Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Flashcards

1
Q

What is trichology?

A

The scientific study of hair and its diseases

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2
Q

The average human is born with skin that houses

A

Approximately 5 million pilosebaceous units capable of producing hair

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3
Q

What is a hair follicle

A

Is a mass of epidermal cells forming a small tube,or canal

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4
Q

What is the pilosebaceous unit

A

It contains the hair follicle and it’s appendages, which include the hair root,hair bulb,hair papilla,hair shaft, and the arrector pili muscle and sebaceous glands

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5
Q

Follicular canal

A

It is lined with epidermal tissue. These produce the follicle and hair matrix

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6
Q

Hair root

A

Anchors hair to the skin cells and is part of the hair located at the bottom of the follicle below the surface of the skin

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7
Q

Where does the hair root lie?

A

Within the follicle at the base where the hair grows

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8
Q

Hair bulb

A

Is a thick, club shaped structure made from epithelial cells that surrounds the papilla. This forms the lower part, or base, of the hair follicle.

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9
Q

What contains the dividing cells of the hair matrix that produces the hair and both the external root sheath and internal root sheath lining the follicle

A

The hair bulb

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10
Q

The hair papilla

A

Is a cone shaped elevation of connective tissue that contains the capillaries and nerves.

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11
Q

What is necessary for hair growth and nourishment of the follicle

A

Hair papillae

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12
Q

The hair shaft

A

Is defined as the part of the hair located above the surface of the skin.

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13
Q

The 3 main layers of the hair shaft

A

The cuticle
Cortex
Medulla

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14
Q

What are the 2 outer layers is the hair shaft?

A

Hard keratin and soft keratin

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15
Q

Sebaceous gland

A

Secretes the waxy substance called sebum, which lubricates the skin and hair

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16
Q

Arrector pili muscle

A

Contracts when affected by cold or other stimuli.

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17
Q

What causes goosebumps?

A

Arrector pili muscle

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18
Q

What are the types of hair?

A

Vellus
Lanugo
Terminal

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19
Q

Lanugo

A

Soft downy hair found on a fetus

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20
Q

Vellus hair

A

Found in areas not covered by terminal hairs. Eg. peach fuzz

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21
Q

Removing Vellus hair?

A

Not recommended. Can result in the follicles producing new terminal hairs

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22
Q

Terminal hair

A

Is the longer, coarse hair found on the head, brows, lashes, genitals,arms,legs.

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23
Q

What is a benefit of the arrector pili muscle?

A

It causes goosebumps. This reaction is Thought to keep the warmer by creating an air pocket under the upright hairs. Also helps disperse protective lipids to skin and hair

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24
Q

What is the difference between lanugo and Vellus hairs?

A

Lanugo is soft downy hair found on a fetus.
Vellus is found in areas not covered by terminal hair.

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25
Q

What is the main catalyst for Vellus hairs transitioning to terminal hairs?

A

Removing Vellus hair,especially against the hair growth

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26
Q

What are the 3 phases of hair growth?

A

Anagen
Catagen
Telogen

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27
Q

Hair growth is a result of

A

The activity of cells found in the basal layer. The cells are found within the hair bulb

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28
Q

What is ACT

A

Anagen,catagen,telogen

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29
Q

Anagen phase

A

Is the growth stage during which new hair is produced.

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30
Q

Hair on the scalp remains in what phase for years?

A

Anagen

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31
Q

Which phase is the most important for estheticians for effective hair removal?

A

Anagen

32
Q

Catagen phase

A

Is the transition stage of hair growth

33
Q

What is the shortest part of the hair growth cycle?

A

Catagen phase

34
Q

Telogen phase is?

A

Is the final, or resting, stage of hair growth.

35
Q

What is the most effective stage of hair removal?

A

Anagen phase

36
Q

What makes scalp hair grow longer than eyelashes?

A

A longer Anagen phase

37
Q

Hypertrichosis is?

A

An excessive growth of terminal hair in areas of the body that normally grow only Vellus hair

38
Q

Hirsutism is?

A

Excessive hair growth on the face,chest,underarms,and groin,especially in women.

39
Q

What causes hirsutism?

A

Excessive male androgens in the blood.

40
Q

What is a syndrome?

A

Is a group of symptoms that, when combined, characterize a disease or disorder.

41
Q

What is a disease?

A

A disease is pathological, like conditions caused by viruses and bacteria, with a series of signs and symptoms.

42
Q

What is a disorder?

A

A disorder is a abnormality of function, like a birth defect or genetically inherited malfunction.

43
Q

Diseases affecting hair growth?

A

Acromegaly and Cushing syndrome

44
Q

Disorders affecting hair growth?

A

Adrenogenital syndrome. Is a malfunction of the adrenal cortex that causes and overproduction of androgens.

45
Q

Syndromes affecting hair growth?

A

PCOS- polycystic ovarian syndrome

46
Q

If you have PCOS?

A

Present with hirsutism, irregular menses, ovarian cysts, and obesity.

47
Q

What is a combination of Cushing and adrenogenital syndrome?

A

Achard- Thiers syndrome

48
Q

What disease,disorder,or syndrome most commonly causes hirsutism?

A

PCOS
Polycystic ovarian syndrome

49
Q

Between hirsutism and hypertrichosis, which is attributed to genetics and not male androgens?

A

Hypertrichosis is genetically and ethnically inherited.

50
Q

Methods of hair removal categories?(2)

A

Temporary and permanent

51
Q

Temporary hair removal involves?

A

Repeat treatments as hair grows

52
Q

Define Permanent hair removal?

A

The papilla is destroyed, making regrow the impossible

53
Q

Depilation?

A

Is a process of removing hair at or near the level of skin. (Shaving and chemical depilation)

54
Q

Epilation?

A

The process of removing hair from the bottom of the follicle by breaking contact between the bulb and the papilla.
(Tweezing, waxing, sugaring and threading)

55
Q

PFB pseudofolliculitis barbae

A

Term for razor bumps, rash, and ingrown hairs

56
Q

Folliculitis

A

Is an infection of the hair follicles.

57
Q

Depilatory

A

Is a chemical substance spread on the skin to dissolve the hair at the surface of the skin and just below the stratum corneum.

58
Q

What are the active ingredients in depilatories?

A

Alkaline such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, thioglycolic acid or calcium thioglycolate.

59
Q

Threading

A

Aka,banding, works by using cotton thread that is looped and twisted in the middle the quickly and selectively guided along the surface of the skin, snagging the unwanted hairs in the twisted portion of the thread and epilating them.

60
Q

Sugaring

A

Is similar to waxing methods except that it uses a thick, sugar based paste and is for more sensitive skin types.

61
Q

Types of sugaring methods?

A

Hand applied
Spatula applied

62
Q

Methods of permanent hair removal and reduction

A

Electrolysis
Laser hair removal
Intense pulsed light (IPL)

63
Q

Three main modalities of electrolysis?

A

Thermolysis, galvanic electrolysis, the blend(combo of the 2 methods)

64
Q

Thermolysis

A

Uses alternating current that is applied and emitted from a probe, inserted into the follicle of the hair, to destroy the dermal papilla.

65
Q

Galvanic electrolysis

A

Utilizes direct current from the probe, which creates a chemical reaction of sodium hydroxide,aka lye,to cause decomposition of the follicle.

66
Q

Laser acronym

A

Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation

67
Q

What are the main active ingredients in depilatories?

A

Alkaline such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, thioglycolic acid, or calcium thioglycolate

68
Q

What is another name for threading?

A

Banding

69
Q

What is the biggest benefit of cleaning up after hand applied sugaring?

A

Water soluble

70
Q

What is the minimal length of hair that can be removed with sugaring?

A

1/16 inch

71
Q

Which modality of electrolysis utilizes direct current?

A

Galvanic electrolysis

72
Q

What is the main benefit of electrolysis?

A

Can be used on almost everyone/anyone with great precision.

73
Q

What is the downside to electrolysis?

A

Costly, can cause discomfort, may take months even years, higher Fitzpatrick can develop hyper pigmentation.

74
Q

Name a safety concern for laser/IPL

A

Risk of burning and hyperpigmentation. Eyes need protection

75
Q

Cushing syndrome

A

Occurs when you body makes too much of the hormone cortisol over a long period

76
Q

What is a contraindication?

A

Is a symptom or condition that makes a service or procedure unadvisable or that it should proceed with utmost caution.

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