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civics > Chapter 11 &12 Review > Flashcards

Chapter 11 &12 Review Flashcards

1
Q

What is public opinion?

A

Total of opinions held concerning a particular issue.

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2
Q

What is mass media?

A

Forms of communication that transmit info to large numbers of people.

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3
Q

What is propaganda?

A

Ideas used to influence peoples thinking or behavior.

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4
Q

What is a poll?

A

Survey taken to measure public opinion.

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5
Q

What is a volunteer?

A

People who work without pay to help others?

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6
Q

What is a political action committee?

A

Political arms of an interest group that collect voluntary contributions from members to fund political candidates and parties the interest group favors.

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7
Q

What is an interest group?

A

Organizations of people with common interests who try to influence government policies and decisions.

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8
Q

What is a lobbyist?

A

A person paid to represent an interest group’s viewpoint.

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9
Q

What does it mean to lobby?

A

Someone who is trying to seek influence from politicians.

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10
Q

What is a public interest group?

A

Groups seeking to promote the interests of the general public rather than just one part of it.

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11
Q

What is revenue?

A

Income.

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12
Q

What is a profit?

A

Income a business has left after paying its expenses.

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13
Q

What is an audit?

A

Careful examination by a trained accountant of every item of income and expenditures.

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14
Q

What is a deficit?

A

Amount by which expenditures exceed income.

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15
Q

What is a fee?

A

Government charges for a service or license.

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16
Q

What is a national debt?

A

Total amount of money owed by US gov plus interest that must be paid on the borrowed money.

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17
Q

What is a bond?

A

Certificate of debt issued by governments or corporations to persons from whom they have borrowed money.

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18
Q

What is a balanced budget?

A

A budget in which revenue equals expenditures.

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19
Q

What is a tariff?

A

Tax on products imported from other countries.

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20
Q

How are political parties and interest groups different?

A

Interest groups focus on specific problems while political parties have a broader spectrum.

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21
Q

What is a surplus?

A

Amount by which income exceeds expenditures.

22
Q

What are four ways to participate in government?

A

-Speaking out on public issues. - Voting. -Participating in a community action group. -Working on a political campaign.

23
Q

What is the primary factor in shaping your opinions?

A

Family

24
Q

Four types of mass media:

A

Newspapers, Books, Radio, Television.

25
Q

What is the difference between revealed and concealed propaganda?

A

Concealed-Presented as fact but source is kept secret. Revealed- Makes people aware someone’s influencing them.

26
Q

Which type of tax is the largest source of revenue for the federal government?

A

Income Tax

27
Q

What is the main source of revenue for local governments?

A

Property Tax

28
Q

Which federal department is responsible for collecting taxes at the federal level?

A

Internal Revenue Service (IRS)

29
Q

Which branch of government writes the budget?

A

Executive

30
Q

What is the m=national debt in 2022?

A

$30 trillion

31
Q

What is the main agency that helps the president write the budget?

A

Office of Management and Budget (OMB)

32
Q

Who is responsible for ensuring that public funds are spent only as authorized by the state legislature or city council?

A

Congress

33
Q

Which type of tax is a regressive tax?

A

Sales Tax

34
Q

Corporate income tax is a tax on what?

A

A corporations profit.

35
Q

Which type of tax is a progressive tax?

A

Individual income tax.

36
Q

What is a defendent?

A

A person who relies on another person for financial support.

37
Q

The management of public funds is divided between which two branches of government?

A

Legislative and Executive

38
Q

What is the deadline to file taxes?

A

April 15th

39
Q

State three ways that interest groups work with congress:

A

-Ask to sponsor bills.
-Lobbyist may help write bill.
-Get insight on issues affecting groups.

40
Q

Explain how the testimonial propaganda technique works?

A

Famous people endorse products.

41
Q

Explain how the bandwagon propaganda technique works?

A

If you say something loud enough and often enough people will believe it.

42
Q

Explain how the name calling propaganda technique works?

A

Use of an unpleasant name to harm something.

43
Q

Explain how the glittering generalities propaganda technique works?

A

Uses vague statements that sound good but have little to no meaning.

44
Q

Explain how the plain folks propaganda technique works?

A

Candidates describe themselves as one of them.

45
Q

Explain how the card stacking propaganda technique works?

A

Stacks cards against truth.

46
Q

How can people under the age of 18 participate in the political process?

A

They can volunteer in a political campaign.

47
Q

What is taxed with an excise tax?

A

Luxury Items.

48
Q

What is taxed with a tariff?

A

Taxes on imported goods.

49
Q

What does the social security tax pay for?

A

Retirement or diabilities.

50
Q

What are three ways government can raise revenue other then tax?

A

Fees, Borrowing, Fines.

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