Chapter 11 & 12 Flashcards

(38 cards)

1
Q

Text-oriented Console Functions

A

Read character streams from input buffer

Write character streams from input buffer

Redirect I/O

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2
Q

Event-oriented Console Functions

A

Retrieve keyboard and mouse events

Detect user interactions with console window

Control window size, position, text colors

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3
Q

API

A

Application Programming Interface

  • collection of types, constants, and functions
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4
Q

SDK

A

Software Development Kit

  • collection of tools, libraries, sample code, and documentation
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5
Q

Handle

A

Unsigned 32-bit integer

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6
Q

Win32 Console Programs

A

Run in protected mode

Emulate MS-DOS

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7
Q

Console Input Buffer

A

Contain queue of input records, each containing data about an input event

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8
Q

Console Screen Buffer

A

Two-dimensional array of character and color data that affects the appearance of text in the console window

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9
Q

GetStdHandle

A

Returns a handle to a console stream

  • handle returned to EAX
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10
Q

WinMain Procedure

A

Start up procedure for windows application

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11
Q

WinProc

A

Retrieves and processes all event messages relating to a window

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12
Q

Dynamic Memory Allocation

A

AKA heap allocation

- reserving memory at runtime for objects

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13
Q

Segments

A

Variable-sized areas of memory used by a program containing code/data

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14
Q

Segmentation

A

Provides a way to isolate memory segments from each other

Lets programs run without interfering with each other

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15
Q

Logical Address

A

Combination of a segment selector and a 32-bit offset

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16
Q

Translating Addresses

A

Step 1: combines a segment value with a variable’s offset to creates linear address

Step 2 (optional): page translation

17
Q

Paging

A

Makes it possible for a computer to run a combination of programs that would otherwise not fit into memory

18
Q

Pages

A

Small units of memory (programs are divided into these w/paging)

19
Q

Page Translation

A

CPU converts the linear address into a physical address

20
Q

Page Fault

A

Occurs when a needed page is not in memory

21
Q

Single-Precision IEEE FP Binary Reals

A

32-bits:

  • 1 bit for the sign
  • 8 bits for the exponent
  • 23 bits for the significand
22
Q

Double-Precision IEEE FP Binary Reals

A

64-bits:

  • 1 bit for the sign
  • 11 bits for the exponent
  • 52 bits for the significand
23
Q

Double Extended Precision IEEE FP Binary Reals

A

80-bits:

  • 1 bit for the sign
  • 16 bits for the exponent
  • 63 bits for the fractional part of the significand
24
Q

Exponent

A

Unsigned integer

  • integer bias (127 for single precision)
  • Add 127 to actual exponent to produce biased exponent
25
Unnormalized
Shift binary point until exponent is zero
26
NaN
Not a number | - Types: quiet, signaling
27
FPU Register Stack
8 individually addressable 80-bit data registers named R0-R7
28
Opcode Register
Stores opcode of last noncontrol instruction executed
29
Control Register
Controls precision and rounding method for calculations
30
Status Register
Top of stack ptr, condition codes, exception warnings
31
Tag Register
Indicates content type of each register in the register stack
32
FP Exceptions
- Invalid operation - Divide by zero - Denormalized operand - Numeric overflow - Inexact precision
33
FPU Instruction Set
Instruction mnemonics begin with F 2nd letter identifies data type of memory operand - B = BCD - I = integer - No letter: FP
34
FLD
Load FP value | - copies FP from memory into the top of the FPU stack, ST(0)
35
FST and FSTP
Store FP value - copies FP from the top of the FPU stack into memory FSTP does the same, then pops
36
FCHS
Change sign
37
FFREE
Sets the register to empty
38
FNSTSW
Moves the FPU status word into AX