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AUBF CHAPTER 11-12 > Chapter 11-12 > Flashcards

Chapter 11-12 Flashcards

1
Q

Often referred to as joint fluid

A

Synovial fluid

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2
Q

Is a viscous liquid found in the cavities of the movable joints (DIARTHROSES) or synovial joints?

A

Synovial fluid

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3
Q

Where the bones in the synovial joints are lined?

A

Smooth Articular Cartilage

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4
Q

It is called as synovial membrane contains specialized cells

A

Synoviocytes

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5
Q

It reduces friction between the bones during joint movement.

A

Smooth articular cartilage and Synovial fluid

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6
Q

Is formed as an ultrafiltrate of plasma across the synovial membrane

A

Synovial fluid

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7
Q

Is nonselective except for the exclusion of high molecular weight proteins

A

Filtration

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8
Q

The synoviocytes secrete a mucopolysaccharide containing

A

Hyaluronic acid

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9
Q

How many amount of protein must be used to secrete mucopolysaccharide

A

1/4 of the plasma concentration

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10
Q

It contributes the noticeable viscocity to the synovial fluid

A

Large hyaluronate molecules

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11
Q

What would be the clin. Sig. If the articular membranes produces pain and stiffnessbin the joints?

A

Arthritis

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12
Q

The beneficial test most frequently performed on synovial fluid

A

WBC Count, Differential count, Gram stain, Culture and crystal examination

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13
Q

Volume value of synovial fluid

A

<3.5 mL

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14
Q

Normal color of synovial fluid

A

Colorless to pale yellow

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15
Q

Normal clarity of synovial fluid

A

Clear

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16
Q

Normal viscosity of synovial fluid

A

Able to form a string 4 to 6 cm long

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17
Q

Normal leukocyte count of synovial fluid

A

<200 cells/ uL

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18
Q

Normal neutrophils of synovial fluid

A

<25% of the differential

19
Q

Normal crystals of synovial fluid

A

None present

20
Q

Normal glucose (plasma difference) of synovial fluid

A

<10 mg/dL lower than the blood glucose level

21
Q

Normal total protein of synovial fluid

A

<3 g/dL

22
Q

Synovial fluid is collected by needle aspiration called

A

Arthrocentesis

23
Q

Pathologic significance of noninflammatory

A

Degenerative joint disorders, osteoarthritis

24
Q

Pathologic significance of inflammatory

A

Immunologic disorders, systemic lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, erythematosus, scleroderma, polymyositis, rheumatic fever, lyme arthritis

25
Q

Pathologic significance of septic

A

Microbial Infection

26
Q

Pathologic significance of Hemorrhagic

A

Traumatic injury, tumors, hemophilia, other coagulation disorders

Anticoagulant overdose

27
Q

Laboratory finding on noninflammatory

A 
Clear, yellow fluid
Good viscosity
WBCs <1000 uL
Neutrophils <30% 
Similar to blood glucose
28
Q

Laboratory finding on inflammatory (immunologic origins)

A 
Cloudy, yellow fluid
Poor viscosity
WBCs 2,000 to 75,000 uL
Neutrophils >50%
Decreased glucose level
Possible autoantibodies present
29
Q

Laboratory finding on inflammatory (crystal-induced origin

A 
Cloudy or milky fluid
Low viscosity
WBCs up to 100,000 uL
Neutrophils <70% 
Decreased glucose level
Crystal present
30
Q

Laboratory finding on Septic

A 
Cloudy, Yellow-green fluid
Variable viscosity
WBCs 50,000-100,000 uL
Neutrophils >75%
Decreased glucose level
Positive culture and Gram stain
31
Q

Laboratory finding on Hemorrhagic

A 
Cloudy, red fluid
Low viscosity 
WBCs equal to blood 
Neutrophils equal to blood 
Normal glucose level
32
Q

In synovial fluid test, required tube type for gram stain and culture

A

Sterile haparinized/Sodium polyanethol sulfonate

33
Q

In synovial fluid test, required tube type for cell counts

A

Heparin/ liquid ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)

34
Q

In synovial fluid test, required tube type for glucose analysis

A

Sodium flouride

35
Q

In synovial fluid test, required tube type for all other test

A

Nonanticoagulatedp

36
Q

Normal viscous synovial fluid resembles

A

Egg white

37
Q

What color would be the result if there is the presence of noninflammatory and inflammatory effusions?

A

Deeper yellow

38
Q

What color would be the result if there is the presence of bacterial infection

A

Greenish tinge

39
Q

Is frequently ass. With the presence of WBCs

A

Turbidity

40
Q

What would be the appearance of fluid when crystals are present?

A

Milky

41
Q

Can be measured using ropes, mucin clot, test.

A

Hyaluronate polymerization

42
Q

What solution added to normal synovial fluid which forms a solid clot surrounded by clear fluid

A

2%-5% Acetic acid

43
Q

Is reported in terms of good, fair,low and poor.

A

Mucin clot test

AUBF CHAPTER 11-12 (1 decks)

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