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(Long Exam I) Basic Chemistry > Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Flashcards

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1
Q

is a homogenous part of the system in contact with other parts of the system but separated from them by a well-defined boundary

A

Phase

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2
Q
  • assumes the volume and shape of its container
  • Low density
  • Very compressible
    -Very Free motion
A

Gas

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3
Q
  • Has a definite volume but assumes the shapes of its containers
  • High density
    -Only slightly compressible
    -Slide past one another freely
A

Liquid

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4
Q
  • Has a definite shape and volume
  • High density
  • Virtually incompressible
  • Vibrate about fixed positions
A

Solid

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5
Q

IMFA is…

A

Intermolecular forces of attraction

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6
Q

are the attractive forces between molecules

A

Intermolecular forces

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7
Q

hold atoms together in a molecule

A

Intramolecular forces

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8
Q

Generally, intermolecular forces are much… than intramolecular forces

A

weaker

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9
Q

As IMFA increases, melting point? And vice versa.

A

increases

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10
Q

As IMFA increases, boiling point? And vice versa.

A

increases

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11
Q

As IMFA increases, viscosity? And vice versa.

A

increases

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12
Q

As IMFA increases, surface tension? And vice versa

A

increases

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13
Q

As IMFA increases, vapor pressure? And vice versa.

A

decreases

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14
Q

attractive forces between polar molecules

A

Dipole-dipole forces

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15
Q

attractive forces between an ion and a polar molecule

A

Ion-Dipole Forces

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16
Q

attractive forces between ions

A

Ionic bond

17
Q
  • attraction due to constant motion of electrons
  • will cause temporary concentration of charge on one side of an atom or molecule
  • exist between all molecules
A

London Dispersion Forces or Van der Waals interaction

18
Q

attractive forces that arise as a result of temporary induced dipoles in atoms or molecules

A

Dispersion forces

19
Q

is the ease with which the electron distribution the atom or molecule can be distorted

A

Polarizability

20
Q

is a special dipole-dipole interaction between the two hydrogen atom in a polar and an electronegative O, N, or F atoms

A

Hydrogen bond

21
Q

is the amount of energy required to stretch or increase the surface of a liquid by a unit area

A

Surface tension

22
Q

is the intermolecular attraction between like molecules

A

Cohesion

23
Q

is the attraction between unlike molecules

A

Adhesion

24
Q

is a measure of a fluids resistance to flow

A

Viscosity

25
Q

Strength of IMFA’s

A

ion-dipole~H-bond>dipole-dipole>dispersion forces

26
Q
  • lattice points occupied by cations and anions
  • held together by electrostatic attraction
  • Hard, brittle, high melting point
  • Poor conductor of heat and electricity
A

Ionic Crystals

27
Q
  • Lattice points occupied by atoms
  • Held together by covalent bonds
  • Hard, high melting point
  • Poor conductor of heat and electricity
A

Covalent Crystals

28
Q
  • Lattice points occupied by molecules
  • Held together by intermolecular forces
  • Soft, low melting point
  • Poor conductor of heat and electricity
A

Molecular Crystals

29
Q
  • Lattice points occupied by metal atoms
  • Held together by metallic bonds
  • Soft to hard, low to high melting point
  • Good conductors of heat and electricity
A

Metallic crystals

30
Q

it does not possessed a well-defined arrangement and long-range molecular order

A

Amorphous Solid

31
Q

it is the vapor pressure measured when a dynamic equilibrium exists between condensation and evaporation

A

Equilibrium vapor pressure

32
Q

is the temperature at which the (equilibrium) vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the external pressure

A

Boiling Point

33
Q

is the temperature at which a liquid boils when the external pressure is 1 atm

A

Normal Boiling Point

34
Q

summarizes the conditions at which a substance exists as a solid, liquid, or gas

A

Phase Diagram

35
Q

The melting point of a liquid is the temperature at which the solid and liquid phases coexist in equilibrium

A

Solid-Liquid Equilibrium

(Long Exam I) Basic Chemistry (3 decks)

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