chapter 11

Question 1

surface water

Answer 1

any body of water above ground, including streams, rivers, lakes, wetlands, reservoirs, and creeks

Question 2

river system

Answer 2

the whole natural water system in a drainage basin

Question 3

watersheds

Answer 3

the area of land where all of the water that drains off of it goes into the same place—a river, stream or lake

Question 4

groundwater

Answer 4

freshwater (from rain or melting ice and snow) that soaks into the soil and is stored in the tiny spaces (pores) between rocks and particles of soil

Question 5

aquifer

Answer 5

a body of porous rock or sediment saturated with groundwater

Question 6

porosity

Answer 6

The ratio of the volume of gaps of a material to the volume of its mass.

Question 7

permeability

Answer 7

the property of a material to allow fluids (such as water, water vapor or oil) to diffuse through it to another medium without being chemically or physically affected

Question 8

recharge zone

Answer 8

a 1,250 square mile area where highly faulted and fractured Edwards limestones outcrop at the land surface, allowing large quantities of water to flow into the Aquifer

Question 9

potable

Answer 9

porcomes from surface and ground sources and is treated to levels that that meet state and federal standards for consumption

Question 10

pathogen

Answer 10

Drinking water with disease-causing bacteria, viruses, or parasites

Question 11

dam

Answer 11

a structure built across a stream or river to hold water back

Question 12

reservoir

Answer 12

a place where something is kept in store: such as. a : an artificial lake where water is collected and kept in quantity for use

Question 13

desalination

Answer 13

increasingly being used to provide drinking water around the globe

Question 14

water pollution

Answer 14

Water pollution occurs when harmful substances, often chemicals or microorganisms, contaminate a stream’s, river’s, lake’s, or ocean’s

Question 15

point-source pollution

Answer 15

any single identifiable source of pollution from which pollutants are discharged

Question 16

wastes-head

Answer 16

Wastes Head need More Treatment After contaminated wastes from the mill are treated in special tanks they are pumped through this recently constructed

Question 17

artificial eutrophication

Answer 17

occurs when human activity introduces increased amounts of these nutrients

Question 18

thermal pollution

Answer 18

Thermal pollution is any deviation from the natural temperature in a habitat

Question 19

biomagnification

Answer 19

is the accumulation of a chemical by an organism from water and food exposure that results in a concentration that is greater than would have resulted from water exposure only and thus greater than expected from equilibrium