Chapter 11 Flashcards
Simple squamous epithelial cells
Describe their appearance.
Describe their function.
Where are they found?
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A single layer of flattened cells.
They allow for the diffusion of small molecules like oxygen.
These cells are found lining the alveoli of the lungs and the capillaries.
List and describe the 4 accessory skin organs
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Nails - protect digits
Hair Follicles - located in dermis, give rise to keratinized epidermal cells that form hair.
Sweat Glands - release sweat onto skin to modify body temperature.
Oil Glands - release lubricating oil, sebum, most active during puberty.
Describe the structure and function of adipose tissue.
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A type of connective tissue consisting of fibroblasts with large fat vacuoles called adipocytes.
Adipose tissue plays a role in insulation, protection, and food storage.
Axon
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The part of a neuron that transmits the electrical signal away from the cell body.
Describe the composition of Blood
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A type of connective tissue with a liquid rather than cellular matrix that consist of a liquid portion (plasma) and a cellular portion.
red blood cells (erythrocytes) white blood cells (leucocytes) and plateles (thrombocyte)
Describe homeostasis
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The maintenance of internal consistency by either negative or positive feeback mechanisms.
Describe the structure of fibrocartilge and where it is found.
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Cartliage with a strong matrix of collagenous fibers.
This is the kind of cartilage found between the vertebrae of the backbone.
Fibroblasts
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Cells associated with connective tissue that secrete the fibers and matrix associated with connective tissue.
Which muscle is
involuntary has straited branched cells and bound by intercalated discs
Cardiac muscle
(only found in walls of heart)
Which tissue cosists of consentric rings called osteons?
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Compact Bone
What tissue is found at the ends of long bones?
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Spongy Bone
Which tissue consists of clacium salts built around protien fibers.
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Bone
What are the three types of cartilage, and their characteristics?
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Hyaline Cartilage
(most common, found in nose and end of bones)
Elastic Cartilage
(elastic fibers,found in ears and sternum)
Fibrocartilage
(collagen fibers,found in vertabrea and knee joints)
Describe the parts and function of Integumentary System
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The organ system that protects the body from damage, comprising the skin and its appendages (including hair, scales, feathers, and nails).
Describe Loose Fibrous Connective Tissue
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Connective tissue comprised mostly of elastic fibers that surrounds organs the expand and contact.
What is the function and location of the meninges?
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The membranes that protect the brain and spinal cord.
Describe the Mucus Membranes
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The membranes that protect the internal linings of the body and the eyes.
They contain mucus producing goblet cells.
What is the general function of muscle tissue?
What are the three types of muscule tissue?
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The tissues that move all or part of the body.
The three forms of muscle tissue are
striated skeletal
smooth muscle
cardiac muscle.
Negative Feedback
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The output of the system dampens the original stimulus.
When the body reacts to reverse the stimulus that triggered the reaction.
Describe Nervous Tissue
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The tissue that receives sensory signals, process the information, and stimulates a response.
What are neuroglia cells?
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The cells of the nervous system that support and nourish the neurons.
What are Neurons?
What are the three parts of a neuron?
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The cells of the nervous system that receive and transmit nervous signals.
They consist of three parts, dendrites, the cell body, and the axon.
Organ Systems
A collection of tissues joined into structural unit that serve a common function.
What is Plasma and what are its components?
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The liquid portion of the blood.
Plasma is mostly water and contains antibodies, nutrients, wastes, and other dissolved molecules.
