Chapter 102.1 Microbiology

Question 1

Bacteria

Answer 1

Sometimes called germs or microbes, are one-called micro- organisms.

1. Nonpathogenic
2. Pathogenic

Question 2

Nonpathogenic

Answer 2

Non- disease-producing Bacteria

Can be very Beneficial

Question 3

Pathogenic

Answer 3

Disease-producing bacteria
Some produce toxins (poison)
Spread easily
3 basic shapes

Question 4

Microbiology

Answer 4

Small living study

Study of small living organisms

Question 5

Cocci

Answer 5

Round- Appear in groups or singularly 
3 groups of Cocci:
1. Staphylococci 
2. Streptococci
3. Diplococci

Question 6

Staphylococci

Answer 6

Bunches - Found in boils; pus- forming

Question 7

Streptococci

Answer 7

Long Chains- Cause strep throat; pus- forming

Question 8

Diplococci

Answer 8

Rod- most common form of bacterial cells

Question 9

Spirilla

Answer 9

Spiral- cause syphilis, Lyme disease, cholera

Question 10

Antibodies

Answer 10

Kill,inactive or destroy pathogens

Question 11

Antitoxins

Answer 11

Neutralize a specific toxin

Question 12

Viruses

Answer 12

Sub-microscopic particle (much smaller than bacteria)

• causes familiar diseases like the common cold,measles,hepatitis
• requires a living host
• not treatable with antibiotics
• vaccinations can be a preventative measure for certain viruses

Question 13

External Parasites

Answer 13

parasitic fungi

Parasitic mites

Question 14

Parasitic Fungi

Answer 14

• Include molds and yeast
• produce contagious diseases (ringworm, honeycomb ringworm, nail fungus)
• produce non- contagious conditions (dandruff or seborrheic dermatitis)

Question 15

Parasitic Mites

Answer 15

Insects that produce contagious diseases, such as itch mites and head lice

Question 16

Infection

Answer 16

Disease- producing (pathogenic) bacteria or viruses enter the body and multiply to the point of interfering with the body’s normal state.

Question 17

6 signs of infection

Answer 17

Pain
Swelling
Redness
Local fever
Throbbing 
Discharge

Question 18

Direct Transmission

Answer 18

Touch or exchange of the body fluids

Question 19

Indirect Transmission

Answer 19

Air or contact with contaminated object

Question 20

Contagious Infection- Communicable Disease

Answer 20

Transmitted from one person to another

Question 21

Micro-Organism

Answer 21

Spread to a new person frequently; cause no infection unless actually they enter the body

Question 22

Bloodborne Pathogens

Answer 22

Carried through blood or body fluids; can be spread anytime skin is broken

Question 23

2 basic classes of Infection

Answer 23

Local and General (systemic)

Question 24

Local Infection

Answer 24

• Small confined area
• pus-filled boil, pimple or inflamed area

Local = tiny

Question 25

General (systemic)

Answer 25

• All parts of the body
• Circulatory system carries bacteria and their toxins

General= Giant

Question 26

Asymptomatic Carrier

Answer 26

A person carrying disease-producing bacteria or viruses with no recognizable symptoms

Question 27

Universal Precations

Answer 27

Practice of using the same infection control procedures with all clients

Question 28

Immunity

Answer 28

Active Immunity And Passive Immunity

Question 29

Active Immunity

Answer 29

• Antibodies produce after exposure to disease
• Disease exposure through infection or vaccination
• Takes time to develop
• Long- lasting and sometimes lifelong

Question 30

Passive Immunity

Answer 30

• Antibodies given rather than produce through immune system
• Immediate protection
• Lasts only a few weeks or month