Chapter 10: The Great Depression

Question 0

Authority is a word that means what?

Answer 0

Power or the right to rule

Question 1

Critics who thought the New Deal went too far claimed what?

Answer 1

That the new laws gave too much authority.

Question 2

Businesses were hurt by the stock market crash because what?

Answer 2

They lost their savings in failed banks and had to close or cut back.

Question 3

Who suffered the most in the Dust Bowl?

Answer 3

Farmers

Question 4

How did President Roosevelt get Americans to restore faith in banks? Why did it restore faith?

Answer 4

After he signed the Emergency Banking Relief Act into law because the law allowed only healthy banks to remain open, so people had confidence in banks that passed the act’s requirements.

Question 5

In what year did Herbert Hoover lose the election? Why?

Answer 5

1932 because Americans lost confidence in him and blamed him for the Depression.

Question 6

Why is the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) significant?

Answer 6

It hired people to build dams and generators that provided electricity.

Question 7

Why did President Roosevelt have problems with the Supreme Court?

Answer 7

The court issued a series of rulings declaring many New Deal Programs unconstitutional.

Question 8

What is a lasting effect of the New Deal that is still in place today?

Answer 8

The protection of the savings of bank customers

Question 9

What is the full date of when the stock market crashed? What is the day historically known as?

Answer 9

October 29,1929 (known as Black Tuesday)

Question 10

Who would’ve been the most hurt by the stock market crash?

Answer 10

People who invested money just before Black Tuesday. Mainly those who invested in September and early October of 1929.

Question 11

The people who couldn’t afford to buy stocks at full price bought on margin. What does buying on margin mean?

Answer 11

Buying on margin means they bought stock on credits with loans.

Question 12

Who wrote “The Grapes of Wrath”? What was the story about?

Answer 12

John Steinbeck. The story was about a family of farmers forced to move in search of work.

Question 13

How much did Herbert Hoover authorize to different financial institutions in the first year of the Depression? What did he refuse to do?

Answer 13

He authorized $1.2 billion in the first year of the Depression, but he refused to give direct financial assistance to individual citizens.

Question 14

What two things were planted in Dust Bowl areas to try to stop soil erosion?

Answer 14

Grass and trees

Question 15

What was one of the major causes for the Depression?

Answer 15

The overproduction of goods at a time when the demand for those goods were shrinking

Question 16

Who was Mary McLeod Bethune?

Answer 16

Mary was an African American educator appointed to Roosevelt’s administration.

Question 17

What did the group, Congress of Industrial Organizations do?

Answer 17

They organized workers into unions based on industry, not skill level.

Question 18

How many people did the Works Progress Administration (WPA) hire from 1935 to 1943? What did they hire them to do?

Answer 18

8.5 million people to build roads, bridges, and airports

Question 19

What is the business cycle known as?

Answer 19

An up and down pattern of fluctuation in the economy

Question 20

What did it Eleanor Roosevelt convince her husband to do?

Answer 20

To create the National Youth Association to help young workers stay in school

Question 21

What did the music of Oklahoma-born folk singer Woody Guthrie reflect?

Answer 21

It reflected the loss and struggle of Depression life.

Question 22

What was the first time the federal government took direct responsibility for many citizens’ economic well-being?

Answer 22

When they passed the Social Security Act

Question 23

What did the Bonus Army demand that Hoover do?

Answer 23

That he authorize early payment of their military bonuses to help ease the need caused by the Depression

Question 24

After the Civil Works Administration ended, the Congress formed what?

Answer 24

The Works Progress Administration (WPA) to provide jobs for unemployed Americans

Question 25

After the Supreme Court blocked several New Deal programs, President Roosevelt tried to do what?

Answer 25

Pass an act that would allow him to appoint six new Supreme Court justices immediately