Chapter 10 TCI Vocab

Question 1

Anti-Federalists

Answer 1

opponents of ratifying the U.S. Constitution. They favored the loose association of states established under the Articles of Confederation.

Question 2

Articles of Confederation

Answer 2

The first written plan of government for the United States. A confederation is an association of states that cooperate for a common purpose.

Question 3

constitution

Answer 3

a written plan that provides the basic framework of a government.

Question 4

Constitutional Convention

Answer 4

a meeting held in Philadelphia in 1787 at which delegates from the states wrote the U.S.

Question 5

Electoral College

Answer 5

the group established by the Constitution to elect the president and vice president. Voters in each state choose their electors when they vote for president.

Question 6

Enlightenment

Answer 6

the “Age of Reason” in 17th- and 18th-century Europe. Enlightenment thinkers emphasized using rational thought to discover truths about nature and society.

Question 7

Federalists

Answer 7

supporters of ratifying the U.S. Constitution. They favored the creation of a strong federal government that shared power with the states.

Question 8

Great Compromise

Answer 8

the plan of government adopted at the Constitutional Convention that established a two-house Congress. In the House of Representatives, representation from each state is based on state population. In the Senate, each state is represented by two senators.

Question 9

Northwest Ordinance

Answer 9

a law passed by Congress in 1787 that specified how western lands would be government

Question 10

Northwest Territory

Answer 10

a region of the United States bounded by the Ohio and Mississippi rivers and the Great Lakes. The region was given to the United States by the Treaty of Paris in 1783.

Question 11

ratify

Answer 11

to formally approve a plan or an agreement. The process of approval is called ratification.

Question 12

republic

Answer 12

a country governed by elected representatives.

Question 13

The Federalist Papers

Answer 13

a series of essays written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay in support of the ratification of the Constitution by the states.

Question 14

Three-Fifths Compromise

Answer 14

an agreement made at the Constitutional Convention stating that enslaved persons would be counted as three-fifths of a person when determining a state’s population for representation in the House of Representatives.

Question 15

Bill of Rights

Answer 15

a formal listing of the basic rights of people in the United States; the first ten amendments to the Constitution.

Question 16

defendant

Answer 16

a person who is required to defend himself or herself in legal action. An example is an accused person who is put on trial for a crime.

Question 17

double jeopardy

Answer 17

putting a person on trial more than once for the same crime.

Question 18

due process

Answer 18

the concept that the government must follow clear rules and act reasonably as it carries out the law

Question 19

self-incrimination

Answer 19

giving testimony that can be used against oneself.

Question 20

warrant

Answer 20

an order from a judge that authorizes police or other officials to take a certain action, such as searching someone’s property.