Chapter 10 section 1 and 2 review + vocabulary words

Question 1

Democratic

Answer 1

Ensuring that all people have the same rights.

Question 2

laissez faire

Answer 2

Idea that government should play a small role as possible in economic affairs.

Question 3

free market

Answer 3

Economic system in which individuals, rather than the government, decide what and how much to produce and sell.

Question 4

Marbury v. Madison

Answer 4

An 1803 court case in which the supreme court ruled that is had the power to decide whether laws passed by congress were constitutional and reject laws that it considered unconstitutional.

Question 5

judicial review

Answer 5

Power of the supreme court to decide whether acts of a president or laws passed by Congress are constitutional.

Question 6

Pinckney Treaty

Answer 6

A 1795 agreement with Spain that let Americans ship their goods down the Missisipi river and store them in New Orleans.

Question 7

Louisiana Purchase

Answer 7

Vast territory between the Mississippi River and Rocky Mountains, purchased from France in 1803.

Question 8

expedition

Answer 8

Long voyage of exploration.

Question 9

continental divide

Answer 9

Mountain ridge that separates river systems flowing toward opposite sides of a continent.

Question 10

New Role for Government

Answer 10

Jefferson felt the Federalists made the national government too large and too powerful. Jefferson was determined to make the government more democratic.

Question 11

Jefferson’s Economic Policy

Answer 11

Reduce the federal debt

Laissez faire – an approach to the economy in which the government tried not to interfere

Believed in the free market - goods and services are exchanged with little regulation.

Question 12

Less Active Government

Answer 12

Jefferson believed government should protect the rights of citizens

Jefferson pardoned people serving jail time for the Sedition Act

Reduced the size of government

Question 13

Reduced the size of government (elaborated)

Answer 13

Cut the federal budget

Decreased the size of departments (State, War, Treasury)

Reduced the size of the army and navy

Asked Congress to repeal the Whiskey Act

Question 14

Keeping Federalist Policy

Answer 14

Jefferson kept the Bank of the United States

Continued to pay off state debts

Question 15

Strengthening the Supreme Court

Answer 15

Federalists in Congress added justices to the court and Adams filled them with Federalists before Jefferson became President

Question 16

Marbury v. Madison

Answer 16

The Supreme Court ruled against Marbury but Jefferson was still unhappy with the decision

The decision set an important precedent – giving the power of judicial review to the Supreme Court

judicial review – gives the Supreme Court the power to decide whether laws passed by Congress were constitutional and to reject laws that it considered to be unconstitutional

judicial review – is still one of the most important powers the Supreme Court has today

Question 17

The Importance of the Mississippi

Answer 17

Western farmers relied on the Mississippi to ship their wheat and corn

Pinckney Treaty, Spain agreed to let Americans ship their goods down the Mississippi and store them in New Orleans.

Spain gave New Orleans back to France – Jefferson alarmed

Jefferson sends representatives to purchase New Orleans and western Florida

A surprise deal was offered to the Americans – all of Louisiana

Jefferson’s representatives agreed to the deal

Congress ratified the treaty and The Louisiana Purchase was official

Question 18

The Lewis and Clark Expedition

Answer 18

Jefferson chose Meriwether Lewis, his private secretary, to head the expedition, or long voyage of exploration

Lewis asked William Clark to go with him

Jefferson asked Lewis and Clark to map a route to the Pacific and study the geography of the territory

Question 19

What did they observe during the journey?

Answer 19

Animals

Plants

Native American tribes

Question 20

Received help from Native Americans

Answer 20

Sacagawea agreed to accompany Lewis and Clark as translators

The Shoshones supplied the expedition with food and horses

They also advised Lewis and Clark about the best route to take over the Rockies

Question 21

Other Explorations

Answer 21

From 1805 to 1807, Zebulon Pike explored the upper Mississippi River, the Arkansas River, and parts of present-day Colorado and New Mexico

His report on the expedition greatly expanded Americans’ knowledge about the Southwest