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Veterinary Science I > Chapter 10 - Reproduction > Flashcards

Chapter 10 - Reproduction Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Ovaries

A

come in pairs, suspended by a ligament.

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2
Q

Oviducts

A

open ended tubes that lead to the uterus from the ovaries.

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3
Q

Uterus

A

composed of 2 uterine horns that merge at the bottom to form one body

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4
Q

Cervix

A

the gate between uterus and vagina

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5
Q

What is the primary function of the ovaries?

A

to produce the ova (egg) and produce hormones.

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6
Q

What hormones do the ovaries produce?

A

estrogen, progesterone

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7
Q

Graafian Follicle

A

mature follicle; found on ovaries

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8
Q

When does ovulation occur?

A

When the follicle ruptures.

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9
Q

Corpus Luteum

A

found on ovary; after ovulation the follicle becomes Corpus Luteum

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10
Q

Progesterone (produced by? Maintains?)

A

produced by CL; maintains pregancy

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11
Q

Oviducts

A

the location where the egg and sperm meet.

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12
Q

Infundibulum

A

guides the egg into the oviduct (catchers mitt)

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13
Q

Uterus

A
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14
Q

Cervix

A

the gates into the uterus; the posterior outlet between the uterus and the vagina

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15
Q

The cervix undergoes changes during ______ and _______.

A

estrus; partuirition

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16
Q

Vagina (organ of? ___ during ___? ____ ___ role?)

A

is the organ of copulation in females; birth canal during parturition; has a dual passage role for urinary & reproductive systems.

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17
Q

Hens have no well-defined __________.

A

estrous cycle

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18
Q

Young poultry are not _____ because hens do not produce _________.

A

suckles; milk

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19
Q

A hen’s tract includes ______.

A

2 ovaries and oviducts

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20
Q

What side on poultry doesn’t ever develop?

A

the right side

21
Q

In hen’s, the ovary appears as a _________. (position in body)

A

cluster of yolks in front of the left kidney

22
Q

Oviduct (in poultry)

A

long glandular tube that leads from the ovary to the cloaca

23
Q

What part of the oviduct process is the same in poultry as it is in other animals?

A

the infundibulum; “catcher’s mitt” it guides the egg into the oviduct

24
Q

Magnum (Poultry)

A

it secretes albumen

25
Q

Isthmus

A

adds the shell

26
Q

Uterus

A

adds any pigmentation

27
Q

What is the purpose of the egg in poultry?

A

it supports the chick during incubation period for 3-4 days after hatching.

28
Q

How long is the time period from ovulation to laying in poultry?

A

24 hours

29
Q

What are the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary (AP)

A

they release hormones that control the cycling nature of sexually mature females.

30
Q

The hypothalamus releases ________. Which goes to the __________.

A

GnRH (Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone); Anterior Pituitary

30
Q

The Anterior Pituitary releases _______ & _______.

A

FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) & LH (Luteinizing Hormone)

31
Q

The Luteinizing Hormone causes ____________ in the ________.

A

ovulation; ovary

32
Q

What happens in the Anterior Pituitary?

A

follicles mature; estrogen is released from the ovary

33
Q

The estrogen being released from the ovary stimulates________.

A

GnRH (Gonadotropin releasing hormone) & sexual behavior

34
Q

Estrous cycle is…

A

a pattern of predictable reproductive events in female farm animals.

35
Q

The estrous cycle starts with the __________.

A

expression of heat. (Standing heat to standing heat).

36
Q

What are the 3 main types of cycles?

A

Polyestrus, seasonally polyestrus, & monoestrus

37
Q

Polyestrus (what animals are?)

A

the animal has a cycle all throughout the year (cattle and swine)

38
Q

Seasonally Polyestrus (what animals are?) *They can be…

A

the animal has many cycles in a certain season (sheep, goat, horse); can be manipulated

39
Q

Monoestrus (what animals are?)

A

single cycle once or twice a year (dogs)

40
Q

Estrus is when…

A

the female is the most receptive to the male

41
Q

Describe the estrous cycle (

A

1) FSH increases the size of ovarian follicle
2) ovarian follicle begins producing estrogen
3) Estrus or heat happens
4) ovulation occurs after estrus behavior has stopped. The follicle ruptures due to the LH surge)
5) LH triggers luteal cells to start producing progesterone (the pregnancy hormone)

42
Q

If the animal is pregnant, the…

A

Corpus Luteum continues to make progesterone (the pregnancy hormone)

43
Q

If the animal is not pregnant, the…

A

uterus releases PGF2a (prostaglandin) that shrinks CL which then drops progesterone levels and starts another cycle.

44
Q

When does pregnancy begin?

A

when fertilization begins (the gestation period)

45
Q

Placentation

A

the formation of placenta occurs with material recognition

46
Q

Placenta

A

a temporary organ; it is the connection between the dam and fetus; it allows the transfer of nutrients, waste, and produces hormones

47
Q

Attachments to the placenta

A

Veterinary Science I (1 decks)

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