Chapter 10- Photosynthesis Flashcards
What is the chemical equation of photosynthesis
6 CO2 + 12 H2O + Light Energy = C6H12O6 + 6O2
+ 6H2O
What molecules derive O2
H2O
What products does CO2 yield
Carbohydrates and Water
What are the products of the light reaction
NADPH and ATP
What is a photosystem composed of?
reaction-center complex that is surrounded by light harvesting complexes
What is the reaction-center complex?
proteins holding a special pair of chlorophyll a molecules and a primary electron acceptor.
Explain the process of linear electron flow
a photon of light hits one of the pigment molecules and boost its electron to a higher energy level that is given to the primary electron acceptor. Then water is split to replace the electrons that the P680 lost. The excited electrons passes to the PS II to PS I by Pq and Pc. Once at the PS I, it excites the P700 electron that is given to the primary electron acceptor and passes it down to the Fd to reduce NHADP+ to NADPH
Explain the process of Cyclic Electron Flow and its purpose
The electron from PSI is circled back to the cytochrome complex then to the Pc to the Photosystem I’s primary acceptor. This generates a lot of ATP
Which process generates ATP in the chloroplast and mitochondria
chemiosmosis
Explain how the mitochondria generates ATP
Water is spit by PS II and as the Pq transfers the electrons to Pc, four protons are shuttled into the cytochrome complex. Then PS I transfers its electron to Fd and NADP + is reduce to NADPH. The four protons shuttle in and the protons from the splitting water is sent to ATP synthase to produce more ATP
What is the purpose of the Calvin Cycle
to synthesize sugar from CO 2
What is the three carbon sugar the Calvin cycle produces?
Glyceraldehyde -3-phosphate (G3P)
Explain the process of the calvin cycle
The carbon form CO2 is fused with RuBP by an enzyme rubisco. This becomes two 3PPG and is phsphoralated to yield 1,3 BPG then is reduce to G3P. One molecule of G3P is used to make glucose while the other 5 is recycled to RuBP by being phosphorylated.
Which plants uses rubisco
C3
What do C4 plants yield in the carbon cycle
four carbon compound
How do C4 plants fix carbon
CO2 is fused with Pep by PEP carboxylase in the mesophyll cells then is converted to malate from oxaloacetate and is transported to the bundle sheath cell through the plasmodesma. CO2 is released from the malate and is convert to pyruvate and them PEP by ATP. fThe Co2 is used in the Calvin cycle and the PEP is recycle into the C4 pathway.
How are CAM plants different from C4 plants
CAM fixes their carbon at night then goes through the calvin cycle during the day all within the same cell. C4 fixes carbon in the mesophyll cell then goes through the calvin cycle in the bundle sheath cells.
