Chapter 10 Part B; Energy Balance, Weight Control, and Eating Disorders Flashcards
4 factors that affect body weight and composition?
1) Genetics, 2) environment, 3) genetic and environment synergy, and 4) diseases and disorders
3 key components of a sound weight loss program?
Control of energy intake, regular physical activity, control of problem behaviors
What should be done to control problem behaviors when dealing with weight loss?
Use behavior modification techniques
Body fat contains ____ kcal per pound
3500
To lose 1 lb in a week (7 days), reduce kcal intake and increase physical activity as to create a deficit of about _____ kcal per day
500
What are the 3 factors of regular physical activity?
1) Duration and performance over intensity for lifestyle changes, 2) enjoyable activities, and 3) choices to increase activities of daily living
How many quick decisions do you make in a day (24 hours) about food and food choices?
227
Fad Diets: When they promise rapid weight loss, what actually is happening is loss of what 2 things?
lean tissue and water
Fad diets don’t encourage what kind of change?
Behavior
At the end of a fad diet, weight loss is usually ______
Regained
4 things to keep weight-loss maintenance.
1) Eat a low-fat, high-carb diet, 2) eat breakfast, 3) self monitor, 4) have a physical activity plan
When self-monitoring during weight-loss maintenance, what 2 tools come in handy?
Regular weighing and keeping a food journal
3 treatment options for overweight and obese patients.
Drug treatment, very low calorie diets, surgical options
What are the average kcals/day for the very-low-calorie diet?
400-800
What is the surgical option for overweight and obese patients for weight control?
Dumping syndrome (through stomach to small intestine; have to eat small amounts more frequently) example in class: gastric bypass sugary
What is the treatment option for underweight patients & at what BMI are they considered underweight?
BMI < 18.5; Feed individual with a very slow/gradual increase (increase by 500 calories a day)
Eating disorders are not the same as ____ _____.
Disordered eating
What is an eating disorder?
Psychiatric condition involving extreme body dissatisfaction and long term eating patterns harming the body
Eating disorders require what kind of diagnosis
MD
What is the average time and exercise choices recommended for adults? (She talked about this, not in notes)
30 minutes, strength and balance
What is the average time and exercise choice recommended for kids? (Talked about in class, not in notes)
60 minutes, high intensity
Multiple factors that contribute to eating disorders (sorry there is a alot!)
- family environment: family member with ED
- unrealisitic media images
- the US’s obesession with being thin
- personality traits:OCD negative self image
- genetic and biological factors: may be a genetic component
Wester culture values what as beautiful?
slenderness as a sign of self disicpline, health and wealth
Other eating disorders that are not specified in EDOS are:
- Binge Eating Disorder
- Chronic overeating
- Chronic dieting
- partial symptoms of anorexia and bulimia
Binge Eating Disorder Symptoms
- often overweight/obese
- lack of control during binging
- chaotic eating
- negative self esteem. bad body image
- associated with depression, anxiety disorders.
Health Risks of Binge Eating
- increased over weight or obesity.
- binge is high in fat and sugar
- stress leads to psychological effects
Chronic Dieting Symptoms
- preoccupied with food, weight calories
- strict dieting
- excessive exercise (3-4 hr/day)
- loss of concentration, mood swings
- increased criticism of body shape
Health risks for Chronic Dieting
- poor nutrient and energy intake
- low vitamin and mineral intake
- decreased energy expenditure due to reduced BMR
- decreased ability to exercise
- increased risk of eating
What is a Female Athlete Triad
a serious medical syndrome frequently seen in female athletes
What does the female Athlete triad consist of?
- disordered eating
- menstrual dysfunction
- osteoporosis
Which sports see the Female Athlete triad problem?
gymnastic, dancing, figure skaters
What are some treatments for eating disorders?
-involves a team of: physicians, patient, registered dietician, psychiatric counselor
How can you prevent an eating disorder?
- reducing weight related criticism of children and young adults
- indentify unrealistic body images in the media
- physical activity
- model a health diet by the parents.
What is disordered eating?
variety of abnormal or atypical eating behaviors use to reduce weight or as coping mechanisms.
4 examples of fad diets?
1) low-carb diets 2) low-fat diets 3) novelty diets 4) quack fad diets
What is disordered eating?
Variety of abnormal or atypical eating behaviors used to reduce weight or as coping mechanisms; eating patterns that are irregular or disordered.
