Chapter 10 - Paediatric Trauma

Question 1

what is the biggest cause of death and disability in childhood

Answer 1

injury

Question 2

what is the most serious paediatric trauma

Answer 2

blunt head trauma

Question 3

what differs between adults and children as causes for injury

Answer 3

due to blunt trauma being the most dangerous, apnoea, hypoventilation, hypoxia occur 5x more commonly than hypovolaemia and hypotension

Question 4

why is blunt head trauma more common

Answer 4

head proportionally bigger then adults

Question 5

are bone fractures more or less common than in adults

Answer 5

less common due to growth plates, incomplete calcification, more pliable

Question 6

what aids can we use when coming equipment in resuscitation of children

Answer 6

a paediatric emergency tape to help estimate weight based on length for equipment size, drug doses, fluid volumes

Question 7

what relevance does surface are to body ratio have in children

Answer 7

the risk of hypothermia

Question 8

what is the most common cause of cardiac arrest in children

Answer 8

Airway compromise

Question 9

where should the plane of the face be

Answer 9

parallel to the spinal board

Question 10

how do we calculate the appoprtite ETT depth

Answer 10

3 times the internal diameter

Question 11

before attempting to manual secure the airway what should we do

Answer 11

pre-oxygenate

Question 12

true or false:

the way we insert an oropharyngeal airway in children is the same as adults

Answer 12

False:

we do not put it in backwards and twist it - we carefully guide it in facing the right way

Question 13

What acronym do we use when patients drop their sats

Answer 13

don't be a DOPE
D - dislodgement due to short tracheas
O- obstruction, secretions, kinked tube
P- tension pneumothorax
E - equipment failure

Question 14

how do children’s volume statuses differ from adults in shock

Answer 14

children bigger physiological reserves mean that they can maintain normal SBP even in the presence of shock