Chapter 10: Networking Flashcards
1
Q
Tail Drop
A
If a tail/queue/buffer becomes too excessive so that the delay/latency becomes too long, then just cut it.
2
Q
Usage of “Exponential Back-off”
A
collision avoidance => used in almost all cases of networking failure
3
Q
How does “Exponential Back-off” work?
A
doubling the maximum delay after every successive transmission failure (2, 4, 8, 16…)
4
Q
What is “buffer”? “buffer-bloat”?
A
- buffer is a queue whose function is to smooth out bursts
- buffer-bloat happens when the buffer grows too big
5
Q
How to deal with “buffer-bloat”?
A
Using “Tail Drop”
6
Q
What does “AIMD” stand for? What does it do?
A
- AIMD stands for “Additive Increase, Multiplicative Decrease”
- AIMD is used to deal with TCP congestion
7
Q
When do we use AIMD?
A
Use AIMD as soon as any packet’s ACK does not come back to the sender
8
Q
How does AIMD work?
A
- fully received batch of packets causes the number of packets in flight to increase by 1
- dropped packets cause the transmission rate to cut back by half
9
Q
TCP sawtooth
A
steady upward climbs punctuated by steep drops
