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A&P 1 > Chapter 10- Muscle Tissue > Flashcards

Chapter 10- Muscle Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

ExAmples of smooth muscle

A

Peristalsis (digestion)

Constriction/dilation (bronco/vaso

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2
Q

Example of cardiac muscle

A

Heart beat

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3
Q

What Are five functions of the skeletal muscle

A

1) moving the skeleton
2) maintain posture
3) support organs (abdominal)
4) guard exits
5) maintain body temperature

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4
Q

What are four tissues found in the skeletal system

A

1) skeletal muscle
2) connective tissue
3) blood
4) nerve

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5
Q

(Connective) what is epimysium

A

Surrounds/insulates an entire muscle (dense collagen inside)

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6
Q

(Inside) what is perimysium

A

Surrounds/insulates a bundle of muscle cells (intermediate collagen)

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7
Q

What is a bundle of muscle cells called

A

Fascicles

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8
Q

(Within) what is endomysium

A

Surrounding/insulating individual muscle fibers (fine collagen)

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9
Q

What is a tendon

A

Collection of all the connective tissue running through out the entire muscle
-Fuses periosteum to connect muscles to bone

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10
Q

What is aponeurosis

A

Broad flat sheet of connective tissue (muscle to muscle to broad flat bone)

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11
Q

What does blood do

A

Branch repeatedly and extensively to serve each fiber (cell)

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12
Q

Capillary beds for

A

Blood

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13
Q

Synaposis for

A

Nerves

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14
Q

What is skeletal muscle tissue made of

A

Long fibers (some as long as an entire muscle)

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15
Q

Skeletal muscle tissue is

A

Striated

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16
Q

Need multiple for structural/ functional protein synthesis through out the cell

A

Multinucleated

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17
Q

They cannot divide but stem cells (satellite cells ) …..

A

Can make new muscle fibers

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18
Q

Define cell membrane (sarcolemma)

A

Extends to the center of the cell as transverse tubials (t-tubes)

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19
Q

Define cytoplasm (sarcoplasm)

A

Contains the organelles structural proteins

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20
Q

Define actin

A

Thin filament (connected to z line)

21
Q

What is the 3 subunits of actin

A

1) Gactin
2) tropomysisn
3) triponin

22
Q

Define Gactin

A

300-400 per Actin filament

23
Q

Define tropomysisn

A

Covers the active sites on Gactin (like rope)

24
Q

Define triponin

A

3 binding sites
One binds to Gactin
One binds to tropomysisn
One binds to calcium ions

25
Q

Define myosin

A

Thick filament

26
Q

Define sarcomer

A

Functional unit of muscle cells

27
Q

Define a neuromuscular junction

A

Union between a muscle fiber and a motor neuron(synapse)

28
Q

What is a synoptic knob

A

With mitochondria and synoptic vesicles contains neurotransmitter (acetylcholine)

29
Q

What is a motor and plate unit

A

Folded sarcolemma and find receptors for ach

30
Q

Define the synaptic cleft

A

Space between the cells where they do not touch (inside enzyme acetylchoneses breaks down acetylcholine

31
Q

In a muscle fiber ……. Depends on the number of ……….. Formed

A

Tension and crossbridges

32
Q

……. = ……….=………

A

Ca++, crossbridges, tension

33
Q

Muscle fibers separate on a

A

All or none principle

34
Q

If a muscle fibers contracts it contracts

A

Completely

35
Q

Define what muscle fiber shortening depends on

A

1) resting length of the sarcomere (optimum lengths when the most cross bridges can be formed)
2) frequency of stimulation (how often/rapidly the motor neuron stimulates the cell)

36
Q

Define treppe

A

Allows muscle fiber to completely relax after stimulus

37
Q

Define wave summation

A

Muscle is stimulated before it can relax

38
Q

Define tonus

A

When a muscle fiber reaches peak tension

39
Q

Define complete tetany

A

Increase frequency of stimulation to not allow for relaxation

40
Q

What allows movement/tension in a muscle

A

1) collective tension produced by each muscle fiber

2) number of muscle fibers stimulated

41
Q

Define motor unit

A

Motor neuron plus all the muscle fiber it controls

More the less precise
Less the more precise

42
Q

Define recruitment

A

Increasing the number of motor units needed to do the job

43
Q

Define isotonic contractions

A

Muscle tension is able to overcome resistance, muscle shortens work is done

44
Q

Define concentric

A

Phase when the muscle shortens

45
Q

Define eccentric

A

Elongation while contracting (control)

46
Q

Define isokinetic

A

Isotonic contractions at a set speed against resistance (force)

47
Q

Define isometric

A

Resistance; muscle tension; muscle contracts, does not shorten, work is not done

48
Q

How does a contracting muscle produce the atp it needs

A

At rest: atp is generated from fatty acids (catabolism)

49
Q

What moves the skeleton?

A

Skeletal muscle

A&P 1 (2 decks)

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