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Science 9 > Chapter 10 - Motion and Forces > Flashcards

Chapter 10 - Motion and Forces Flashcards

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1
Q

A vector representing the object’s change in position

A

Displacement

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2
Q

The study of motion and forces

A

Dynamics

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3
Q

Branch of physics the address the effects of forces on matter

A

Mechanics

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4
Q

Any change in velocity

A

Acceleration

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5
Q

A) States that any two objects attract each other through gravitational force
B) gravitational force exerted on an object near the surface of the earth or any celestial body

A

A) universal law of gravitation

B) gravity

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6
Q

Velocity at which the force of drag stops an object from speeding up

A

Terminal velocity

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7
Q

Center seeking force that causes objects to travel in a curved path rather than a street line

A

Centripetal force

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8
Q

Center fleeing force results from an object’s weight attempting to move in a straight line

A

Centrifugal force

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9
Q

A) friction on a moving object
B) friction that keeps an object from moving
C) Unitless values in express effect of serf aces on friction

A

A) Kinetic friction
B) static friction
C) coefficient of friction

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10
Q

Rate of doing work

A

Power

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11
Q

The product of an objects mass and velocity

A

Momentum

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12
Q

Early force-multiplier machines

A

Simple machine

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13
Q

The ratio of work output to work input

A

Efficiency

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14
Q

Pivot point upon which the beam of a lever rests

A

Fulcrum

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15
Q

Beam of the lever from the fulcrum to the input

A

Input arm

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16
Q

Beam of a lever from the fulcrum to the output force

A

Output arm

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17
Q

Simple machine consisting of a sloping surface that allows an objects to be raised without lifting it straight up

A

Inclined plane

18
Q

Special form of inclined plane that modifies the applied force and directs it to the side

A

Wedge

19
Q

Simple machine resembling and an inclined plane wrapped around a rod

A

Screw

20
Q

Distance from one of the ridges or threads on the screws shaft to the next

A

Pitch

21
Q

Two types of mathematical quantities used in physics

A

Scalar, Vector

22
Q

Equation for average speed

A

S equals D over T

23
Q

Scalar representing the total length of the object’s path

A

Distance

24
Q

The author of Principia

A

Sir Isaac Newton

25
Q

The law of motion that is also called the law of inertia

A

First of law of motion

26
Q

The equation for free fall distance

A

D equals one half G times T squared d=1/2gtsuperscript2

27
Q

The resistance arising to an objects motion doing fluid or across the surface

A

Friction

28
Q

The SI unit for power

A

Watt

29
Q

Principal stating the total momentum of the system is constant unless an outside force acts on the system

A

Law of conservation of momentum

30
Q

Two types of mechanical advantage

A

Ideal mechanical advantage or actual mechanical advantage

31
Q

Machine that is like a circular lever

A

Wheel and axel

32
Q

Three main arrangements of pulleys

A

Fixed,movable, and block and tackle

33
Q

What is the difference between classical physics and modern physics?

A

Classical physics – branches of physics developed before 1900
Modern physics – branches of physics developed since 1900

34
Q

How do you speed and velocity differ?

A

Speed – scaler quantity measuring distance traveled per unit time
Velocity– vector quantity measuring change in position per unit time

35
Q

What law says that forces always occur in pairs

A

Third law of motion

36
Q

Explain the two things on which friction depends

A

Weight of the object nature of the surfaces

37
Q

What is the relationship between work and energy?

A

The amount of work done = the amount of energy transferred.

38
Q

Under ideal conditions what is the relationship between a machines input work and output work

A

They are equal

39
Q

List and describe the three classes of levers

A

Class 1 - input and output forces on opposite sides of fulcrum
Class 2 – Output between input and fulcrum
Class 3 – input between output and fulcrum

40
Q

If the force is constant how is an objects acceleration related to its mass

A

Directly proportional

Science 9 (7 decks)

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