Chapter 10: Local Anesthetics

Question 1

Use of Local Anesthetics:

Answer 1

For analgesia and anesthesia in various procedures.
Also used in acute/chronic pain management and dysrhythmia treatment.
Provide reversible nerve impulse blockade.

Question 2

LA Effect on Nervous System:

Answer 2

Concentration increase interrupts autonomic, sensory, and motor impulses.
Results in autonomic blockade, sensory anesthesia, and muscle paralysis.

Question 3

Historical Context of Local Anesthetics:

Answer 3

Cocaine was the first, used in 1884.
Halsted developed peripheral nerve block and spinal anesthesia techniques with cocaine.

Question 4

Cocaine’s Unique Properties:

Answer 4

nduces localized vasoconstriction.
Used in rhinolaryngologic procedures and nasotracheal intubation.

Question 5

LA Synthetic Anesthetics Development:

Answer 5

Procaine (1905) and Lidocaine (1943) introduced.
Lidocaine: faster, potent, longer-lasting, and useful as a cardiac antidysrhythmic.