Chapter 10: Initial Investigation, Arrest, Detention, and Disposal Flashcards
When making decisions using the NDM, what mnemonic can be used to ensure all elements are met
CIAPOAR
What is C in CIAPOAR
Code of Ethics
What is I in CIAPOAR
Information
What is A in CIAPOAR
Assessment- assess threat and risk and develop a working strategy
What is P in CIAPOAR
Powers and policy
What is O in CIAPOAR
Options
What is A in CIAPOAR
Action
What is R in CIAPOAR
Review
What steps are needed when making a decision according to the NDM
CIAPOAR
Code of ethics, information, assessment, powers and policy, options, action, review
What are the 3 types of caution
The ‘when questioned’
The ‘now’
The ‘restricted’
When is the ‘when questioned’ caution used
At arrest and interview
When is the ‘now’ caution used
Just before a person is charged with an offence
When is the ‘restricted’ caution used
Used only for interviews after charge
What is the complete caution when arresting someone
You do not have to say anything but it may harm your defence if you do not mention, when questioned, something which you later rely on in court. Anything you do say may be given in evidence.
What mnemonic is useful for remembering the guidelines for identifications of suspects by witnesses
ADVOKATE
What is A in ADVOKATE
Amount- of time the suspect was under observation, from where, from how far, were there an breaks in the visual
What is D in ADVOKATE
Distance- between witness and suspect when incident took place… Nearest and furthest distance
What is V in ADVOKATE
Visibility- day/night, street lamps, weather, sun position
What is O in ADVOKATE
Obstructions- detail of any obstruction, length of time it obstructed view
What is K in ADVOKATE
Known- are they known to witness, how/how long, when last seen and has appearance changed
What is A in ADVOKATE
Any reason to remember- distinguishing feature, incident that made them memorable
What is T in ADVOKATE
Time- between incident and obtaining first description, first description and identification
What is E in ADVOKATE
Errors- How similar is the first description to the person identified… Differences must be recorded